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Indian cuisine | Global Indian
Global IndianstoryHow Indian cuisine is exploding in Australia
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How Indian cuisine is exploding in Australia

Compiled by: Charu Thakur

(October 1, 2022) He had the judges Andy Allen, Melissa Leong and Jock Zonfrillo drooling over his Indian take on tacos and his simple, yet sumptuous daal bhaat and chicken jalfrezi. High on flavor and rich with aromas that tickle the senses, the delectable dishes by Justin Narayan swept away the MasterChef Australia 2021 judges. The Global Indian went on to win the coveted trophy, making him the second Indian to do so after Sashi Cheliah. “I think it’s super delicious. It’s tasty food and when you compare it to everything else, Indian food competes really well. That’s what I think,” Justin Narayan said later, on Indian flavours taking the spotlight on MasterChef.

That’s the magic of Indian food, which is now on the cusp of exploding in Australia, with its origins in kangaroo-land going back to the 1960s, brought there by teachers and doctors who were among the early set of immigrants. While it was mostly restricted to home cooking, desi khaana started finding a more commercial foothold in the ’90s, after a large chunk of Indian software professionals arrived at the land Down Under in the ’80s. Soon, Indian restaurants started sprouting in every corner of the continent, and many began giving the cuisine, which was once considered “ugly delicious,” a stunning makeover.

 

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“Indian food has really grown in Australia! It is a very popular cuisine with many young people, including those who have travelled extensively in India and have very happy memories of what they’ve experienced,” Australian restaurateur and food educator Stephanie Alexander told NDTV.

Since the Punjabi community was among the earliest Indian immigrants in Australia, north Indian food became the default Indian cuisine. It was a perception that took years to change. As The Guardian mentions, when Vikram Arumugam and Preeti Elamaran opened their restaurant Nithik’s Kitchen in Sydney in 2013, Australians hadn’t heard about Chettinad food. “They wanted tandoori chicken or butter naan,” Vikram told the daily. However, things started to shift as the natives began to embrace South Indian flavours like idlis with mutton or fish curry.

It was this gap which led Sashi Cheliah, who went on to become the first-ever Indian winner of MasterChef Australia, to begin his culinary experiments at home and also consider a step-up in terms of plating and presentation. “When I moved to Australia from Singapore, I missed authentic South East Asian food. I missed the street food that the hawkers make. So, I ended up cooking at home. I wanted my kids to enjoy what I enjoy. This led me to playing with plating and making food look presentable for them. That is when I realised that while food needs to be authentic, robust and flavourful, it also needs to look presentable,” Sashi told TOI.

 

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While the Indian palate bears little resemblance to Australian food, the natives are now welcoming the spicy and sour flavours of Indian cuisine. “Back when I was in my thirties, Indian food existed in Australia but existed in a simple form. It did not adequately demonstrate the complexities or subtleties of regional Indian food. As the years have rolled past and we have more Indian families living in Australia and Indian students studying in Australia, it has come to reflect in the complexity and intricacy of the food that’s available,” added Stephanie.

With Indians forming the third largest migrant group in Australia, 721,050 Indians live in Australia as of June 2020, a number that has more than doubled since 2010. Thanks to the efforts of the Indian diaspora, the cuisine has also found a befitting welcome in the country. So much so that celebrity chef Sarah Todd whipped up a plate of bhel puri at the fourteenth season of MasterChef Australia, sending social media into a frenzy. “My son is half-Indian. And I feel the moment he was born was when I took on a responsibility to understand his culture and cuisine. I wanted to make sure that when he goes to school, and he’s taking paratha in his lunchbox here in Australia, he’s being accepted for that,” she told YourStory.

 

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Even Indian restaurants like Delhi Street and Gopi Ka Chatka in Melbourne are now focussing on street food or chaat as we call it in India, including pani puri and bhel puri. This is enough indication of the cuisine’s popularity in Australia. What was once confined to the homes of Indians living in Australia has found recognition in the continent, thanks to its rich flavours.

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  • Australia
  • Indian Cuisine
  • Indians in Australia
  • Justin Narayan
  • MasterChef Australia
  • Sashi Cheliah

Published on 01, Oct 2022

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The Cumin Club serves up smiles and ready-to-eat Indian food in the US

In 2019, Ragoth Bala, an Indian student at the University of Chicago, struggled to prepare authentic, vegetarian Indian food for himself at home. So, in 2019, he teamed up with co-founders, to launch Cumin Club, a ready-to-eat meal service. The Cumin Club stands out for its quick, preservative-free, and authentic Indian dishes, expertly crafted with clean ingredients, using state-of-the-art freeze-drying technology. (December 5, 2023) A record 2,68,923 Indian students went to the US in academic year 2022-23 making them the largest ethnic groups in the country. One such Indian student, Ragoth Bala, moved to Bentonville in Arkansas in 2012 after a consulting stint with Walmart in Bengaluru. [caption id="attachment_47235" align="aligncenter" width="581"] The co-founders of Cumin Club - (L-R) Kiru, Harish, Ragoth. Photo: Zenab Kashif[/caption] While studying at the University of Chicago, the Ragoth found it difficult to cook vegetarian food for himself after attending college and working. The 34-year-old tells Global Indian, “Growing up in Coimbatore, India, I didn't have to worry about being a vegetarian; options were abundant. When I moved to the US, I struggled to eat right. The problem got worse when I started business school, working from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and going to school

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ing at the University of Chicago, the Ragoth found it difficult to cook vegetarian food for himself after attending college and working. The 34-year-old tells Global Indian, “Growing up in Coimbatore, India, I didn't have to worry about being a vegetarian; options were abundant. When I moved to the US, I struggled to eat right. The problem got worse when I started business school, working from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and going to school from 6 p.m. to 10 p.m. I would often eat cookies and chips, given the school cafeteria did not offer anything beyond lentil soup for vegetarian options.”

His mother, however, came to his rescue and sowed the seeds of his entrepreneurial venture. He smiles. “My mom decided to help me out by sending dry roasted ingredients from India, and all I had to do was add water and cook for 5 minutes. It was very different from packaged meals you'll find at stores—it tasted fresh, did not have any preservatives, and best of all, my mom approved of it, so I knew it was good for me.”

Having studied the ready-to-eat food market, in 2019, the young entrepreneur launched The Cumin Club to provide meals that can be assembled within five minutes and are made with clean ingredients, minus any preservatives. He was soon joined by Kiru Rajagopal and Harish Visweswaran, with the trio succeeding in making their start-ups one of the hottest tickets in the culinary space.

A taste of home

The Cumin Club started with ten recipes with dishes from Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra, with their initial bestsellers being Rava Kichadi, Pav Bhaji, and Sabudana Khichdi. Headquartered in Chicago, the start-up also operates an R&D and manufacturing facility in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Their USP is that their dishes are made with clean ingredients, minus any preservatives.

“Our R&D centre in Coimbatore is a pioneer in using freeze-drying technology to preserve Indian food,” shares Ragoth. “We developed 40+ recipes over the last 4 years, and each recipe involves multiple iterations and experiments. We partnered with expert chefs from different parts of India in order to maintain the authenticity of each regional cuisine. Our proprietary recipes are prepared with fresh ingredients and preserved using state-of-the art freeze-drying technology. This allows us to serve authentic dishes without the need for high-heat processing, preservatives, gums, emulsifiers, or any kind of artificial additive.”

Today, the Cumin Club serves dishes from across several Indian states in their repertoire, with Paneer Butter Masala, Pav Bhaji, and Sambar Idly being the top three dishes.

Kiru notes, “Paneer Butter Masala is especially popular among non-Indian customers. We cater to a variety of taste preferences by clearly indicating the spice level of the dishes. Also, all our spices are procured from different regions of India, which makes our meal kits a fully authentic experience.”

Making it last

 

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The major issue with food kits on the market is the preservatives used. However, The Cumin Club has managed to achieve a shelf-life of up to 16 weeks in some dishes using an advanced technology called freeze drying. “The fact that we do not rely on any kind of preservative is a huge plus for me as an entrepreneur,” Ragoth notes.

During cryogenic freezing, the food is freeze-dried, which means that all moisture is removed from it by cooling it at an extremely low temperature. Then, low heat is passed through the food, which kicks in the sublimation process. The moisture goes from the solid to the gaseous state and leaves behind the food in good form, extending the shelf life from three days to 10 weeks.

Through 2019 and 2020, the entrepreneurs gained a lot of insights about what customers wanted, how they could deliver food in a preservative-free format, and how to get more people to try their dishes.

They started scaling further in 2021 and 2022, becoming pantry favourites for not just Indian immigrants but also Americans who enjoyed Indian food.

Magic in five minutes

The Cumin Club managed to reach out and strike a chord with its clientele (mostly students) due to their 5-minute meal plans. Curated by expert chefs and delivered to their clients' doorsteps starting at $5.49 per meal, they are a convenient option to enjoy authentic, healthy, and preservative-free Indian food in the US.

Ragoth shares, “Just add water and cook for 5 minutes, just like ramen, and you have desi khana in your hands. We offer 35+ dishes from across India, curated by expert chefs from each region. We wanted to bring the most authentic Indian food experience and build a truly global brand of Indian food; our innovative 5-minute meal kits are a result of this bold mission.”

While they make only vegetarian meals, the enterprise has seen a lot of customers who add their own sautéed protein to the meal kits. Kiru adds, “The 5-minute cooking experience allows for it, and we encourage all our customers to experiment with their cooking. Our meal kits are good as-is, but they can customise them to their hearts' content.”

Branching out

With a pilot restaurant location in Chicago (205 W Wacker Dr. in Chicago downtown), they serve Chipotle-style bowls and wraps with sauces from different parts of India. These global Indians have breached a frontier with their unique offerings. While meeting an unmet need, they have also taken Indian cuisine to students who crave food from their homes.

 

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Also, changing the perception of Indian food around the world is a tall order; oily, carb-heavy, and spicy are some of the words used to describe Indian food currently on the US market, and The Cumin Club has done its bit to dispel these common myths.

Harish states, “We have overcome this challenge by serving high-quality meal kits that are packed with flavour, not just chilli powder. Today, non-Indian customers are equally enjoying our meal kits and making Indian food as part of their lunch and dinner. While we take pride in showing the world a brand new side of Indian food, we also acknowledge that there is a long way to go.”

Over a million meals served

Having served 1.5 million meals since their inception in August 2019, the trio’s mission is to make authentic Indian food readily available around the world.

Ragoth signs off, saying, “We also strongly believe in the role Indian food can play in sustainable food for the new world—with the plant-based nutrition Indian dishes bring to the table and our proprietary freeze drying technology, we can bring everyday nutrition to the whole world.”

That is their plan for the future: across home cooking and restaurants, Cumin Club’s meal kits will be there to make convenient, yet healthy, and environmentally responsible eating a possibility.

  • Follow Cumin Club on Instagram and check out their website.

What's your Global Indian story? Write to us at editor.gi@globalindian.com

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Khyati Trehan’s Oscar ‘22 creative aside, her 3D projects are the talk of the artsy world

(April 29, 2022) The 94th Oscar Academy Awards, the greatest galas of 2022, had an august array of creative spirits. Among them was an Indian graphic designer whose 3D artwork was among eight creatives invited to contribute to the Oscars. 3D artist Khyati Trehan, a well-known fluid digital artist was no doubt thrilled to be selected, even wishing she had been invited to the ceremony. However, her body of work earlier has included working with the biggest names in the industry - New York Times, Apple, WeWork, Adobe, etc.   View this post on Instagram   A post shared by Khyati Trehan (@khyatitrehan) “I am still in disbelief,” shares Khyati laughing, during an interview with Global Indian. Expressing her love for 3D graphics, Khyati adds, “While working on a project in college, looking for an image, I realised I was spending more time on searching for a photograph, than designing. I started exploring possibilities of making all the pictures, rather than hoping that someone had clicked an image suiting my requirements. That’s how I discovered 3D. It seemed like magic,” recalls the Forbes 30 under 30 2022. Freedom to learn Born in Jalandhar, Khyati moved to Delhi with her parents

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tyle="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;">

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A post shared by Khyati Trehan (@khyatitrehan)

“I am still in disbelief,” shares Khyati laughing, during an interview with Global Indian. Expressing her love for 3D graphics, Khyati adds, “While working on a project in college, looking for an image, I realised I was spending more time on searching for a photograph, than designing. I started exploring possibilities of making all the pictures, rather than hoping that someone had clicked an image suiting my requirements. That’s how I discovered 3D. It seemed like magic,” recalls the Forbes 30 under 30 2022.

Freedom to learn

Born in Jalandhar, Khyati moved to Delhi with her parents at a young age. As the family welcomed another daughter, it was struck with tragedy when Khyati’s father passed away in an accident when she was nine. “My mother, a college teacher in genetics and embryology before marriage, had to leave her job to look after the family,” shares the graphic designer, adding, “After my father passed away, she raised us, and it was a difficult period,” she remembers. Eventually, Khyati’s mother entered the world of haute couture, managing luxury fashion brands.

[caption id="attachment_23835" align="aligncenter" width="593"] Khyati with her mother and sister, Kavya[/caption]

Raised by a single parent, Khyati has a special bond with her sister Kavya, and her mother. “We spent a lot of time together. There was a lot of feminine energy. Yet, as a family of three women, I came across misogyny way sooner - People who worked for us wouldn’t take us seriously without a paternal figure,” recalls Khyati, adding, “My mother is a great parent, more of a friend to me and my sister. Frankly, a lot of my work and who I am today is defined by being raised by a single parent.”

An alumnus of a remarkably interesting school in Delhi, Mirambika - Free Progress School, the 3D designer had a unique childhood. “Mirambika is based on the integral philosophy of Sri Aurobindo and the Mother. We were given a lot of freedom and exposed to all kind of subjects. It was a great place to understand my skillset,” shares the once shy girl. “My sister is the opposite. Yet, I was aggressively protective of her. In fact, I named her,” she laughs.

The world of 3D

Mirambika helped Khyati realise her true potential. After school, the artist toyed with the idea of studying economics or languages. “I wasn’t interested in designing. People around me told me about this whole world of design and 3D,” the graphic designer adds.

[caption id="attachment_23836" align="aligncenter" width="650"] Khyati's art, Are Viruses Alive, for New York Times[/caption]

She fell in love with a new world of shapes, colours and design after joining National Institute of Design (Ahmedabad). "NID was a whole new world. A focus on craft - we were asked to draw to help us see things in a certain way. A mindset change, and gaining skills to become a designer, the most amazing was being surrounded by creative people,” says the 3D designer Khyati, who also met her now-husband Sanchit Sawaria during her NID days.

After NID, a few stints at graphic designing companies in Delhi led her to a big change in 2017 - she shifted to Berlin to work at one of the leading European online platforms for fashion and lifestyle, Zalando. “Design is one of those industries that allows one to have different careers. So, if I am working for hospitality, I get to learn how to run a hotel, and if I switch to designing for a musician I might hang out with the artist and learn about his craft. I needed to be versatile, and I absolutely loved it," the graphic designer smiles. The same year Khyati was named as one of Print Magazine’s 15 new visual artists under 30.

 

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In 2019, Khyati joined award-winning global design and innovation firm IDEO. The sky was the limit as she worked on projects with NYT, New Yorker Magazine, Apple, Adobe, Absolut, Instagram and Snapchat. The successful graphic designer won several awards and recognitions too - Artistry Creator of the Year at Adweek’s Creator Visionary Awards, ADC Young Guns 19 – 2021, etc.

Back to India and straight to Oscars

Having worked without a break for eight straight years, and with the pandemic, the 3D designer decided to return home, and spend some quality time with my loved ones,” the graphic designer adds.

That was when an email from the Academy popped up asking if she was interested in participating on a project. The theme focused on the intersection of storytelling and technology, inviting eight artists from around the world to each create a representation of the Oscar statue inspired by their personal appreciation of movies and  ‘how do movies transform and inspire?’

 

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“My concept was of the Oscar statue as a movie viewer amidst the action,” shares the Forbes 30 under 30, and she immediately got a “go ahead.” “It was a dream project and I drew inspiration from the immersive power of movies. I wanted to create an overwhelming sense of feeling,” she shares, adding, “I just wished they has called us to the US for the ceremony when my design was selected,” laughs the artist, who has many interesting projects on the anvil.

  • Follow Khyati Tehran on Instagram, LinkedIn and Twitter

Reading Time: 7 mins

Story
Celebrating 50 years: Madhur Jaffrey’s culinary legacy

(January 16, 2024) Renowned for securing the best actress award at the 1965 Berlin Film Festival for her portrayal of a pompous Bollywood star in Merchant Ivory's film 'Shakespeare Wallah',  Madhur Jaffrey is a trailblazer in the culinary world. She has brought the delights of Indian cuisine, along with its diverse regional nuances, to successive generations of Western cooks. Recently, the 50th anniversary edition of her debut cookbook 'An Invitation to Indian Cooking' got released by the publishing group, Knopf. With its original edition 50 years back, the book had announced the arrival of a culinary star. 2023 also saw the release of the 40th anniversary edition of Madhur's another popular cookbook, 'Indian Cookery', updated with 11 new recipes. The first edition of the book was groundbreaking, coinciding with a BBC series of the same name featuring Madhur, and it went on to sell lakhs of copies. Madhur has authored more than 30 cookbooks in her illustrious career. At 90, the workaholic is far from slowing down. One of the biggest living authorities on Indian cuisine, Madhur keeps herself busy by educating Gen Z and Gen Alpha through her Masterclass on digital media. “Nobody knows spices like we do, we

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ducating Gen Z and Gen Alpha through her Masterclass on digital media. “Nobody knows spices like we do, we are masters,” she announced proudly in its trailer.

[caption id="attachment_32665" align="aligncenter" width="525"]Indian Cuisine | Madhur Jaffrey | Global Indian Madhur's debut cookbook is celebrating its 50th anniversary edition[/caption]

“When my programme came on air, there weren’t any Indian cookery shows, it was an immediate hit,” Madhur Jaffrey told the BBC, talking about her ground breaking cookery programme that premiered in the United Kingdom 40 years ago.

The Padma Bhushan 2022 awardee grew up in Delhi and left for London in her 20s to study at The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. She became an actress and later, turned to writing cookery books and presenting cookery shows. Little did she know that this career transition would turn out to be a significant step towards introducing India’s soft power to the western world.

[caption id="attachment_32663" align="aligncenter" width="544"]Indian Cuisine Madhur Jaffrey Madhur Jaffrey[/caption]

Indian food is a magical world where the art of using spices is so advanced that we’ve created a cuisine that exists nowhere else in the world!

Her debut cookbook, an Invitation to Indian Cooking (1973) introduced Indian food to western hemisphere for the first time. It was later inducted into the James Beard Foundation’s Cookbook Hall of Fame in 2006.

When she was hired by BBC to present her cookery show - Madhur Jaffrey’s Indian Cookery, it was meant to be an educational programme. The aim was to make people learn about Indian culture by introducing them to authentic food cooked in different regions of India. The show mesmerised people so much that Madhur soon became known as ‘spice girl’, thanks to the plethora of South Asian spices she introduced to the western homes. She was popularly called ‘the actress who can cook.’

Building respectful image of South Asians

“Until then, the South Asians were not represented the way they would have loved to see themselves on the television and cinema,” she said, in the interview with BBC.

[caption id="attachment_32664" align="aligncenter" width="574"]Madhur Jaffrey Madhur Jaffrey[/caption]

Madhur’s career transition had filled in the much-desired space with elan. Her show was the first mainstream series about Indian food to be broadcast in the UK and also the first one to be presented by an Indian.

Characteristically dressed in a crisp cotton saree, Madhur Jaffrey became the face of the South Asian diaspora in the UK. She knew this, tailoring her image to that of an attractive Indian who is modern, yes, but remains tied to her roots. That was the pre-internet era, so Madhur used to get flooded with letters of appreciation from her fans.

Ruling the supermarkets

If Madhur was exotic, the food she cooked seemed even more so to the uninitiated Western audiences. In fact, her recipes became so popular that Indian food was "tried by everybody all over England and beyond’. “The day I cooked chicken with green coriander, they ran out of green coriander in Manchester,” laughs the food expert.

The demand for Indian spices and ingredients grew so much that supermarkets started overstocking the ingredients that the Global Indian used in her cookery show.

[caption id="attachment_32666" align="aligncenter" width="598"]Indian Cuisine Madhur Jaffrey Madhur Jaffrey presenting her cookery show on BBC in 1980s[/caption]

The spice girl from India

In the introduction to her cookbook, At Home with Madhur Jaffrey, she writes, “The techniques used in Indian cooking are not any different from those used the world over: roasting, grilling, steaming, frying, stewing, braising and so on.” Yet it is distinct she emphasises.

What gives Indian cuisine its uniqueness, its tingling excitement, and its health-giving properties is the knowledgeable use of spices and seasonings, ancient in its provenance.

The food expert has authored close to thirty bestselling cookbooks on Indian, Asian and world vegetarian cuisine, and has appeared in several related television programmes. Apart from Madhur Jaffrey’s Indian Cookery that premiered in 1982, she presented Madhur Jaffrey's Far Eastern Cookery (1989) and Madhur Jaffrey's Flavours of India (1995).

[caption id="attachment_48280" align="aligncenter" width="456"]Indian Cuisine | Madhur Jaffrey | Global Indian Madhur Jaffrey[/caption]

What made her shows and books relevant for decades was the fact that she adapted to the time constraints of her fans. In one of her book introductions, Madhur shared, “My own cooking has changed over the years. I am often as rushed for time as perhaps you are. I am often asking myself is there an easier way to do this?”

Madhur made sure, therefore, to simplify her cooking to match with the times.

I now try to reach real Indian tastes by using simpler methods and fewer steps

The seven times winner of James Beard award wrote in one of her books.

As she made a huge name for herself in the traditional yet novel segment, Madhur went on to associate herself as food consultant of one of the most popular Indian restaurants in New York City - Dawat.

Madhur has also written three children’s books and two memoirs – Sweet Memories (2002) and Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India (2006).

Strengthening cultural relations between continents

Before becoming a television personality and delving into the domains of food and travel writing, Madhur had made a mark for herself as an Indian-British-American actress, starting with minor acting roles on BBC television and radio. One of her notable works is the film, Shakespeare Wallah (1965) for which she won the Silver Bear for Best Actress award at the 15th Berlin International Film Festival.

[caption id="attachment_32667" align="aligncenter" width="714"] Madhur Jaffrey Global Indian Madhur Jaffrey in one of her television shows[/caption]

During the course of her acting career, she enthralled audiences with her performances in television, films, radio and theatre. Perhaps this background contributes to her eloquence as a food presenter.

Her cookery shows have always been lively with powerful punchlines like:

Each grain of rice should be like brothers, close to each other but not stuck together.

After a divorce from Sayeed Jaffery, the notable actor who is father to her three daughters, Madhur married an American violinist. The couple have now been together for 56 years.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B2GKfjaZQZE

 

In recognition of her contribution to cultural relations between the UK, India and the United States, through film, television and cookery, Madhur was named the honorary Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 2004. Padma Bhushan 2022, the third highest civilian award from the Government of India, is a testament of her service to Indian culinary art.

  • Follow Madhur Jaffrey on Twitter

Reading Time: 5 mins

Story
Parmesan’s Indian connect: How Sikhs saved the Italian cheese industry

(September 27, 2022) The pale-golden rind and straw-coloured interior, aged for over two years, make Parmigiano-Reggiano rich in flavour and world-famous. The authentic and artisanal cheese from northern Italy, with its rich, nutty, and delicate taste, has brought the world to its knees. But not many know that the Sikh community has a major role in keeping Parmesan alive. Yes, you read it right! Some three decades ago, when the economy was booming, the Italian goivinezza (youth) turned their back on countryside living and the traditional occupation of cheese-making and moved to the main cities in search of better career opportunities. They left a vacuum that was instantly filled by Sikhs who came to the land of wines and cheese seeking work away from their homeland after the insurgency in Punjab. They came armed with a love for farming and innate skills that were in short supply in Italy and played a key role in the resurrection of Italy's Parmesan cheese. [caption id="attachment_29866" align="aligncenter" width="622"] Sikh community has played a pivotal role in saving Italy's cheese industry (Photo courtesy: thecanyonchronicle.com)[/caption] Though it wasn't the cheese that attracted the Sikhs to the green pastures initially, the flat territory with hot and

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Italy's cheese industry (Photo courtesy: thecanyonchronicle.com)[/caption]

Though it wasn't the cheese that attracted the Sikhs to the green pastures initially, the flat territory with hot and humid weather reminded them of a home away from home. For two decades, the Sikhs worked at the stalla (dairy farm) tending to the cows, as language was hardly a barrier while dealing with cattle, but it was only in 2011 that famed writer Khushwant Singh first brought the stories of the Sikh community in Italy to the forefront. In an article for Hindustan Times, he unraveled the secret that was tucked away from the public eye for too long. A trip to village Olmeneta, near Cremona in Lombardy, brought him in contact with the ‘mini-Punjab’, created by Sikhs on Italian soil. Most moved to Italy in the 80s and 90s when Punjab was boiling due to riots. In search of a better life, many sought asylums in Europe, ready to find a footing in Italy.

[caption id="attachment_29869" align="aligncenter" width="736"]Sikh | Parmesan | Global Indian Italy's Parmesan is world-famous for its distinct flavour. (Photo courtesy: Travelandleisure.com)[/caption]

"At home, we have fields and cows, and our relationship with the land and animals is very particular to us. So, when we came here and didn't know the language, this was something in our favour," Amritpal Singh, a Punjab native who moved to Novellara in Italy in the 80s told BBC. While most Sikhs became involved with the cows, others found themselves immersed in the art of cheese-making - something that the young locals were abandoning. “They (Sikhs) saved an economy that would have gone to the dogs because young people didn’t want to work with cows,” the then Mayor Dalido Malaggi of Pessina Cremonese told NYT.

Today, Italy has the largest Sikh population in Europe, only second to the United Kingdom, with an estimated number of 220,000. What started as a safe haven in the 80s for Sikhs escaping the riots has now turned into a land that is dependent on them for keeping their dairy industry and parmesan alive. Khushwant Singh quoted Aldo Cavagnoli, the then director general of Latteria Sorseina, one of the largest cheese factories in the region, saying, "We certainly owe it to the Sikhs for keeping the business of cheese alive."

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZhUM2ojJWc

Around 54 percent of the people involved with producing cheese at Latteria Sorseina are Sikhs. Originally made by the monks near Parma in the Middle Ages, it only got its name Parmesano (of or from Parma) in the 1530s, by Italian nobles. However, in 1954 it officially became Parmigiano Reggiano, popularly called Parmesan.

Sikhs’ hard work and love were reciprocated by the Italians when the Novellara municipality in 2000 granted permission to build Gurudwara Sri Guru Kalgidhar Sahib, touted to be the largest Sikh temple in Continental Europe. Many have now got Italian citizenship but most identify as Indo-Italians. "You can't cut your roots so I keep them alive inside me, but the rest is Italian," Amritpal told BBC. Italy embraced them at a time when they were looking for safety and provided a livelihood in a foreign land. Though the influx of Sikhs to Italy from Punjab is on a rise, the land of cheese is welcoming them with open arms.

Reading Time: 5 min

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From Mumbai’s Irani cafés to khansamas of Uttar Pradesh – they all find expression in Chef Naved Nasir’s food

(November 10, 2024) Ancient recipes, affordable street fare and his passion for authenticity define the food created by Chef Naved Nasir. With a doctor father and a teacher mother, Naved Nasir was like every Indian kid, supposed to follow in his father’s footsteps, professionally. Destiny had other plans. His mother used to travel 80 km back and forth for her job, so he and his father would cook if she was short on time. From the humble khichdi they made together to creating menus for a restaurant in Covent Garden in London, Chef Naved Nasir’s career trajectory is full of stories. These stories are of places lived, ingredients blended, and dishes had, at street corners, hole-in-the-wall cafés, and at his great-grandfather’s mansion. The nostalgia and love find their way into his food. [caption id="attachment_59607" align="aligncenter" width="588"] Chef Naved Nasir[/caption] History and food Naved’s great-grandfather was a “minor nawab,” and the palatial family home still stands. Over a Zoom call, with Chef Naved in Dubai, while launching his restaurant Khadak, he recalls his earliest food influences. “I grew up in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, and my grandfather’s home was 40 km away from Panipat, in Baghpat. As a child, I remember going

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History and food

Naved’s great-grandfather was a “minor nawab,” and the palatial family home still stands. Over a Zoom call, with Chef Naved in Dubai, while launching his restaurant Khadak, he recalls his earliest food influences. “I grew up in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, and my grandfather’s home was 40 km away from Panipat, in Baghpat. As a child, I remember going there with my parents and brother, and watching my mother’s brother, who was quite a foodie, getting his staff to prepare the ingredients with so much care for the lavish dinners he’d host.”

He had ten cousins at home and remembers his mother’s Dal Gosht as her specialty. He says, “Whether it was the khansamas blending masalas or marinating the meat, or my father and I cooking khichdi when my mother was busy, it sparked an interest in food. My father, a doctor, had hopes I would also become one. I tried; I took the entrance exams for medicine at several universities, but I didn’t pass. At that time, due to all the celebrity chefs hosting TV shows, hospitality was gaining traction. I took the exam to join a catering college. It was relatively easier and I secured the eighth rank all-India.”

He joined the Institute of Hotel Management at Pusa, near Delhi. His first job as an intern was with the ITC group, where he worked in the kitchens of Dum Pukht, Bukhara, and Peshawri.

Indian Cuisine | Chef Naved Nasir | Global Indian

I love Bombay

Speaking of Mumbai, which he calls Bombay, Chef Naved waxes eloquent, much in love with the city he still considers home. He says, “Though I was in Mumbai for five or six years, it is the only city I consider home. I was 24 when I arrived there. I remember sitting on the ledge facing the sea at Marine Drive and crying because I felt lost. Mumbai put its arms around me in a giant hug and it became home. I used to go to the Irani cafés and other famous places like Bade Miyan, Olympia, Baghdadi and Kyani’s. These were places where you could have a lavish meal for a small amount.” Naved loved Mumbai so much that he would go there every weekend even after being transferred to the ITC Rama International in Aurangabad.

During his stint with ITC, from the start till he left, Chef Naved also got to serve and interact with several celebrities. Besides serving food to the Bachchans, planning the menu, and catering the food for the wedding of Rishi Kapoor’s daughter Riddhima. During the launch of their Jamnagar refinery, he also headed a team of 100 chefs to prepare the food for the Ambanis. He says, “We had several meetings with Neeta Ambani, and we sent three truckloads of ingredients to cater to the 600 guests. A separate Marwari caterer took care of the vegetarian fare, we were in charge of the rest.”

[caption id="attachment_59608" align="aligncenter" width="619"]Indian Cuisine | Chef Naved Nasir | Global Indian Chef Naved with Mike, the head of the build team of Dishoom Restaurants at a Mumbai beach[/caption]

Namastey London

In Aurangabad, Naved was the youngest Executive Chef at 30. While he was there, he met the people who set up Dishoom in 2010. He recalls, “I met the owners and we were on the same page about keeping the food real. Shamil Thakrar and I had a similar outlook as he wanted a refined, authentic version of the Irani café food. If you go to London, between the small street eateries run by Bangladeshis and the Michelin-star restaurants, Indian food is unrecognisable. We wanted to fill the gap and my only condition was that there would be no adulteration. No toning down of the butter in Dal Makhni and reducing the spice in a chicken tikka. We did have options on the menu so for those who can’t eat spice, the Murgh Malai Tikka was a non-spicy option.”

Under the culinary leadership of Chef Naved, Dishoom expanded to ten locations across London. It filled a gap in the market; amidst exorbitantly expensive, quintessentially anglicised, or overly experimental Indian food establishments, the very first Dishoom set a new trend. Each restaurant has a theme based on the aesthetic of certain locations in Mumbai to complement and complete its gastronomy. He even co-wrote a cookbook by the same name.

[caption id="attachment_59606" align="aligncenter" width="540"]Mumbai Chef with Chef Raymond Blanc Chef Naved Nasir and Chef Raymond Blanc while signing each other's cookbooks[/caption]

After ten years with Dishoom however, Chef Naved started feeling the need to do his own thing; essentially to cook the Mumbai food he loved and more. The universe heard him and he got an offer to team up with a non-hospitality investor in Dubai. Enter Khadak, his new restaurant which was days away from its launch at the time of this interview.

Gully Boy

Having lived in multiple cities, Chef Naved Nasir delighted in those little bylanes peppered with food stalls known as khau gallis and people crowding around their periphery. These khau gallis are what Khadak is based on. Rather than sticking to a set pattern, he wanted to bring a selection of dishes from a range of backgrounds — truly a one-plate-fits-all. Again, Mumbai played a pivotal role in his new venture. Chef Naved reveals, “Khadak is an area at the far end of the lane near Suleiman Usman Bakery (a landmark on Mumbai’s Mohammed Ali Road, a major food hub, especially during the month of Ramzan). I plan to highlight all that Mumbai has to offer, beyond the swanky restaurants. From the Shammi Kababs to my mother’s Dal Gosht, to the food you get at Bade Miyan and Baghdadi and the recipes I have secured from my 91-year-old aunt, I want Khadak to take you back to authentic food. There are stories attached to these recipes and I intend to tell them through Khadak.”

The stories are told through a multitude of characters with backstories that are unique but relatable. Rajini, the Koli fisherwoman, for example. Along with highlighting her roots, Khadak talks about how the seas are facing the extinction of species and ecosystems, while parallelly supporting sustainable practices. Then there is Bittu, a kid doling out tea. Although appreciating his drive, Khadak encourages their patrons to donate to organisations that help children like him to get off the streets. Nasir is a firm believer that cuisines are not isolated from the people and civilisations they stem from.

[caption id="attachment_59609" align="aligncenter" width="812"]Indian Cuisine | Chef Naved Nasir | Global Indian Naved with his team[/caption]

Other dishes he plans to include are the Sojni ka Murgh, a Hyderabadi speciality where chicken is cooked with the pulp of drumsticks, Shabrati Nihari, a breakfast item where the meat just falls off the bone, and you eat it with a Lachha Naan sold in the bylanes of Delhi. He also has a vegetarian haleem on the menu made with jackfruit. Chef Naved is passionate about bringing these old stories to life, making them acceptable for the Instagram generation. Even desserts will be morphed. “The bread butter pudding, a family recipe from the Chilia community that our executive chef comes from, uses jaggery instead of sugar, and phirni is made vegan with cashew milk.”

Favourite go-to ingredients

Given the gamut of historical and ancient food at his disposal, what then are his favourite go-to ingredients? Chef Naved says, “I’d say meat is a favourite, because depending on the area of the body it is taken from, how it is cut, marinated and cooked, it tastes different. I even use the fat around the kidney when I cook, because it slices through like butter. Among spices, I like saffron for its subtlety and if you know how to use it, it can give diverse flavours. And lastly, an ingredient I like but am looking for a good quality one is gulab jal or rose water.”

With the spirit of Mumbai’s street food and ancient recipes from his family’s kitchens, Chef Naved could well be scripting food history and creating a legacy of Indian food soon.

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Global Indian – a Hero’s Journey is an online publication which showcases the journeys of Indians who went abroad and have had an impact on India. 

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