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Indian Entrepreneur | Manushi Ashok Jain | Global Indian
Global IndianstoryUrban designer and architect Manushi Ashok Jain makes it to 2022’s Forbes 30 Under 30 with purposeful initiatives
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Urban designer and architect Manushi Ashok Jain makes it to 2022’s Forbes 30 Under 30 with purposeful initiatives

Written by: Amrita Priya

(August 6, 2022)“While I was in New York, I was designing homes for super rich people. I worked from two million to 20-million-dollar homes but I always felt that something was missing,” Manushi Ashok Jain tells Global Indian. This vacuum led her to shift focus after two years and experiment with her profession, transitioning into an urban designer. “That is where I found fulfillment.” 

Indian Entrepreneur | Manushi Ashok Jain | Global Indian

Manushi Ashok Jain, cofounder and director, Sponge Collaborative

The architect and urban designer is the co-founder and director at Sponge Collaborative that she started with three other experts in the domain. Two of them also happen to be her former colleagues at Sasaki, a Boston-based organisation that introduced her to good practices in urban designing. 

Coming closer to purpose 

“Sasaki played an instrumental role in shifting my focus to work with a purpose,” she recalls fondly the place that was her second home for over a year, before she relocated to India. “I always had the larger goal to work for cities of India in the space of urban designing,” she adds.  

Just before the pandemic, when Afghanistan was still not under Taliban rule, she found herself working in a World Bank funded project for Sasaki. It focussed on the strategic development framework of five major cities in Afghanistan. She was part of the team that came up with a pioneering document in collaboration with experts and the World Bank on how best those five major cities could be modelled for a better future – four to five decades down the line. “Though I never travelled to Afghanistan but as part of the team, I got the opportunity to engage with former President Ashraf Ghani. His office was closely involved in the project,” she says about the experience that shaped her future course of action. 

Indian Entrepreneur | Manushi Ashok Jain | Global Indian

“Sasaki is rooted in communal, ecological understanding and how development has to be sensitive with low impact but big change,” qualities that Manushi has been imbibing.   

The turning point 

The gold medallist and topper in B.Arch with a master’s in architecture and urban design from the Pratt Institute, New York was looking for that final push to return to India.  When she won the EnteKochi competition, she knew “this was it”.  

It was the year 2020, Manushi had formed a consortium of nine teammates to participate in EnteKochi, a national-level urban design competition to find sustainable solutions to design the future city of Kochi. The team presented a solution emphasising the potential of blue-green infrastructure as a relatively low-cost alternative to grey infrastructure for prevention of flooding. “Our entry was placed first among 122 national and international design firms,” says the woman who returned to India the same year. 

Indian Entrepreneur | Manushi Ashok Jain | Global Indian

Chennai girl working for its better future  

Though she was born in Ahmedabad, she is a Chennai girl at heart – having grown up in the city. “I have always been a person who is sensitive towards one’s surroundings. For me, the ultimate joy is to contribute in any way as possible for betterment of other people’s lives,” says the urban designer who has been working on sustainable solutions for Chennai.  

In 2021, Sponge Collaborative was chosen for an initiate by Greater Chennai Corporation to come up with Chennai’s first sponge park, an open space that leverages nature to delay, store and infiltrate surface run off during cloudburst events and serves as a recreation area during dry months, having multiple co-benefits. They are also developing Chennai’s first Climate Interpretation Park commissioned by the Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority, as a learning laboratory to understand native landscapes and ecology.

Indian Entrepreneur | Manushi Ashok Jain | Global Indian

“Chennai is a city that goes through flooding and drought cycles. We are utilising open and underutilised spaces and unlocking the potential of nature so that it can be leveraged to reduce flooding through a series of interventions which we call sponge interventions,” she elaborates. 

Her team had come up with the Sponge Handbook for Chennai which is being referred to in schools and organisations. “It’s an open-source document and the pedagogy has been adopted due to its holistic vision and framework for the future.”   

Through multi-disciplinary strategic planning and design, Manushi and her team have been making a difference. “We are doing a lot of work in the realm of public infrastructure, nature-based solutions, integrated mobility strategies and women and children safety in public spaces,” she says. 

Interspersing profession with purpose 

As Indian cities are vulnerable to climate change, Manushi’s focus is on solving the problem through design and promoting integrated resiliency planning with a vision. “I am not alone. We are three other partners,” she emphasises. Her business partners Praveen Raj, Sourav Kumar Biswas and Shreya Krishnan have collectively helped realise integrated housing, mobility and infrastructure solutions that are socio-economically and environmentally friendly in more than 60 cities around the world. 

 

Since the concept of urban designing as a profession is not very clear in India, she explains “we bring valuable insights and solutions to India’s urban challenges through system thinking that involves green system (ecology), blue system (hydrology), community system, data driven analysis etc, instead of just focussing on aesthetics.” 

The urban designer who loves hiking and travelling has been striding high in her purposeful journey. By making it to the Forbes 30 Under 30 list, her initiatives have started to get recognised.

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  • Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority
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Published on 06, Aug 2022

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Sahar Mansoor: Leading India’s zero-waste revolution through social entrepreneurship

(September 18, 2024) When Sahar Mansoor began her zero-waste journey in 2015, she was keen to avoid single use plastic like the plague. This meant shopping from only package free grocery stores or replacing cold medication with hot ginger tea or trying everything to get rid of the plastic wrist band at concerts. It worked wonders as the waste individually generated by her in the next two-and-a-half years could easily fit into a 500ml glass jar. She isn't that stringent anymore but Sahar still lives a low-impact lifestyle which gave birth to her brand - Bare Necessities - in 2016, "whose crux lies in creating every day necessary products that are entirely zero waste." Having diverted 155,816 kg of waste from making into landfills, her innovative work gained recognition, with Bare Necessities being named one of the Top 5 Handcrafted in India Brands by Harper's Bazaar in 2017 and one of Vogue India's Top 10 Forces of Nature. [caption id="attachment_56144" align="aligncenter" width="527"] Sahar Mansoor, founder of Bare Necessities[/caption] "I wanted to create a company that mirrored the values of zero waste, ethical consumption and sustainability. I wanted to make it easy and accessible for other people looking to consume more

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024/09/Sahar-Book-cover.jpg" alt="Sahar Mansoor | Global Indian" width="527" height="703" /> Sahar Mansoor, founder of Bare Necessities[/caption]

"I wanted to create a company that mirrored the values of zero waste, ethical consumption and sustainability. I wanted to make it easy and accessible for other people looking to consume more mindfully and to encourage others to produce less waste. Thus, Bare Necessities was born," the social entrepreneur tells Global Indian. But becoming an entrepreneur was never on her mind, instead she wanted to create impact.

Dyslexia - Hard Childhood

Growing up with dyslexia, school was a challenging experience for Sahar. Her reading speed was "as slow as a tortoise," making it difficult to keep up. "I remember just about finishing reading the comprehension passage as a seven-year-old, when the teacher would say 'Time is up, pencils down!'" Despite the struggles, Sahar Mansoor found a huge supporter and cheerleader in her mother who was committed to helping her daughter succeed. "She would read chapters of my school books and record them on cassette tapes and when I would come back from school I would practise reading along with my mama's recorded voice," recalls Sahar, who is equally grateful to her sister Saba for accompanying her to the local library and helping her with reading. Back by the love and encouragement of a loving family, she overcame her challenges. "Once you train your mind to believe, everything else falls into place."

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gaoclow5BEc

Defying odds

But the world wasn't too kind to her, owing to her learning disabilities. "The first message I got from the world was that I wouldn't be an academic success in the traditional sense of the word." But she proved them wrong by getting accepted to Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles with a partial scholarship. Her tryst with Environmental Planning at the university initiated this romance with sustainability leading her to the University of Cambridge for her master's in Environmental Policy. Calling it the most intellectually-stimulating year of her life, Sahar recalls it as an eclectic mix of research symposiums, late-nights study sessions and a vibrant social scene filled with "May Balls, lively nights at the bar watching the football world cup and the joy of returning to the warmth of Wolfson after rainy bike rides from classes."

Tryst with sustainability

At Cambridge, Sahar Mansoor developed a deep understanding of the health and environmental challenges posed by waste. This newfound knowledge opened doors for her at the World Health Organization, where she worked as a mobile health researcher. "It taught me that waste was an environmental issue. However, moving back home made me acknowledge that waste is a social justice issue as well," says Sahar, who returned to Bengaluru in 2015 to work with SELCO Foundation - a solar energy social enterprise.

During her time there, she worked closely with a community of waste pickers in West Bengal, spending hours shadowing them and witnessing their daily struggles. She was struck by the social justice issues tied to the waste problem. "Every day, thousands of waste pickers segregate broken glass, sanitary napkins and needles with their bare hands. I wanted to stop being part of the problem. My solution was to live a lifestyle that best reflects the values I cared about. I called myself an environmentalist and had studied the subjects, but I needed to live a life more congruent to my environmental and social justice values."

[caption id="attachment_56145" align="aligncenter" width="591"]Bare Necessities | Global Indian Bare Necessities products[/caption]

Growing up in Bengaluru, her love for nature blossomed during weekends spent at Cubbon Park with her dad and two sisters, where they would "climb trees and mostly falling off them." Family vacations meant road trips filled with swimming at the beach, jumping into waterfalls and savouring sunrises and sunsets. However, it was in 2012, during her third year of college, that Sahar's environmental consciousness deepened. In Professor Chris Chapple’s World Religions and Ecology class, she watched a video of Bea Johnson, an environmental activist known for her zero-waste lifestyle. "I was blown away by her lifestyle." This was a turning point in her environmental journey, igniting a passion to learn more. After taking up environmental planning as her second major, Sahar dove deeper into understanding the trash problem. "We don’t think of personal trash and attribute it to a larger global problem, we have no control over."

Zero-waste living

Inspired by Bea Johnson, Sahar Mansoor began her zero-waste journey in 2015, using blogs as her guide. "My grandmother became my ready reckoner. How did my grandma wash her hair before shampoo was sold in plastic bottles?' she explains, noting that many Indian traditions are rooted in ecological practices, now rebranded as 'zero-waste practices.' She describes the transition as gradual, from learning how to make her own soap to recognising that much of what we use is destined for landfills. Determined to make a change, Sahar shifted gears and ventured into entrepreneurship, founding Bare Necessities — a company dedicated to creating zero-waste everyday products. "In my zero-waste journey, I realised we lived in a world with landfill destined products. 4.7 billion toothbrushes land up in landfills every year, and take 200-700 years to start decomposing. So every toothbrush you and I have ever produced is sitting on our planet somewhere."

Sahar Mansoor | Global Indian

Calling it one of a kind, Sahar reveals that no other beauty company or home care company operates on zero-waste principles. "We take a cradle-to-cradle approach to every product, tackling the waste crisis by offering a holistic solution through everything we create and the services we provide." What began as a single-woman army with her solely manufacturing, packaging, distributing and marketing the products has now transformed into a brand which over 50+ stores across 10 states and a 20-member team. "You are not born with a fixed amount of resilience. Like a muscle, you can build it up, draw on it when you need it. In that process you will figure out who you really are—and you just might become the very best version of yourself.

Powerful impact

Over the past eight years, Bare Necessities has diverted 155,816 kg of waste from landfills and is on track to prevent 500 kg of plastic waste by 2025. "By creating zero waste alternatives to conventionally toxin formulated and plastic-free packaged personal care products, we are addressing the largest global garbage of our lifetime." Staying true to its sustainability ethos, the brand offers circular economy initiatives such as the Return Your Jars and Tins Program and Refill Program, encouraging customers to return used jars in exchange for gift cards or to bring their own containers for refills. "We sold a total of 241,805 products, which has saved 68,824,898 single use plastic units from either entering the landfills or into the environment, whether that is into land or waterways," she proudly shares.

Bare Necessities

The entrepreneur takes pride in leading a women-driven social enterprise, an idea rooted in her upbringing within an all-female household. After losing her father in a road accident at a young age, she watched her mother step into the role of the family's breadwinner. At the time, Sahar recalls, "The only jobs available to women were manual labour. My first thoughts were, 'What job would my mum get? Would she have to clean houses too?'" This experience planted the seeds for her desire to create meaningful and fulfilling career opportunities for local women.

It was while volunteering in Jamaica, Congo, and Guatemala that Sahar truly understood the power of women coming together. "These experiences inspired me to build a strong, women-led manufacturing team, largely composed of underserved women," she explains. This commitment to uplifting women has been a cornerstone of her enterprise, which champions not only sustainability but also social empowerment.

Though sustainability is often linked to high price tags, Sahar Mansoor believes that Gen Z is becoming more mindful and asking manufacturers the right questions. "'What’s in my products? The emerging conscious millennial population wants to align itself to certain causes by virtue of its consumption choices," she explains. Sahar adds that these consumers are increasingly choosing to support the local economy and are recognizing the value of long-term benefits over short-term gains. "They are making more thoughtful decisions, understanding the impact of their choices on the environment and society."

Accountability and future road

Over the years, Sahar has come to realise that the lack of awareness about the importance of waste segregation at home and responsible disposal has negatively impacted informal waste pickers, leaving them vulnerable to health issues. "Integrating them into a formal system with proper training and support is crucial," she emphasises. While Sahar sees zero-waste products as a key solution to the waste crisis, she is equally committed to raising awareness about sustainability and zero-waste living. Through talks and workshops, she actively advocates for more responsible waste management practices.

Bare Necessities | Global Indian

In the near future, Sahar envisions Bare Necessities as an interdisciplinary hub—a space where product designers can create with a cradle-to-cradle philosophy, and policy analysts collaborate with local governments to recommend waste management strategies and reduction policies. "A place for behaviour economics, ecologists, researchers and consumers alike to build the ecosystem towards a circular economy," she says, aiming to drive a holistic approach toward sustainable living and waste reduction.

Sahar has become a force to reckon with in the last few years, driven by the belief that people connect not only with her brand but also with her personal journey. "I think it’s important for me to candidly share my lessons, learnings, findings and failures along the way so that others don’t make the same mistakes that I did or still do!"

  • Follow Sahar Mansoor on LinkedIn and Bare Necessities on Instagram

 

 

 

 

 

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Kishore Indukuri: The US techie who founded a thriving dairy farm

(July 10, 2022) "Sid's Farm has given me everything that I have ever wanted." Kishore Indukuri, the founder of what is one of Telangana's most successful dairy farms, speaks straight from the heart. "It wasn't a typical business, but it pushed me to my limits. It showed me what I was capable of enduring to survive. That's what I truly cherish." What began as a means to ensure his two-year-old son was drinking fresh and pure milk, a small operation that started with 20 cows on a piece of leased land in Shamshabad, is a leading dairy brand today, with an annual turnover of Rs 65 crore. Named Sid's Farm, after Kishore's son, Siddharth, the company distributes over 25,000 litres of milk a day. Fresh, raw milk is procured each day from local farmers and put through a series of stringent tests, "an average of 6,500 daily," Kishore says, during an interview with Global Indian. "The emphasis is on purity - no antibiotics, no hormones, and no preservatives." From Massachusetts to Telangana, polymers to pasteurisation [caption id="attachment_26759" align="aligncenter" width="614"] Kishore Indukuri[/caption] Always a bright student, Kishore chose the conventional, much-revered Indian Institute of Technology route to building a career. After

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mage-26759" src="https://stage.globalindian.com//wp-content/uploads/2022/07/RAJ03087.jpg" alt="Kishore Indukuri | Sid's Farm | Global Indian" width="614" height="409" /> Kishore Indukuri[/caption]

Always a bright student, Kishore chose the conventional, much-revered Indian Institute of Technology route to building a career. After he graduated from IIT-Kharagpur, he took the full scholarship he was offered at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, and moved to the United States for a master's and Ph.D. "Everything was paid for and I enjoyed my research," Kishore recalls. "But all the while, I felt something was missing in my life."

Kishore stayed in the US to work at Intel for the next seven years. "It was an amazing time, I got to travel to countries like Japan, South Korea, and Canada. Still, I needed to do something more. I knew that. I just didn't know what it would be." One day, he knew he had to take the leap. He walked up to his boss and announced that he was moving back to India with his wife and their infant son. "We sold the house, packed up, and moved back."

Got Milk? 

Back in India, he tried his hand at several business ideas, including providing coaching for competitive exams like the GRE. And every day, he wondered if the milk his son was drinking was safe and pure. The answer wasn't clear. The Food and Safety Standards Authority of India has strict guidelines on dairy and its affiliate products, but "how far are these implemented?" Kishore asks.

[caption id="attachment_26754" align="aligncenter" width="672"]Kishore Indukuri | Sid's Farm | Global Indian Kishore Indukuri[/caption]

"India has done so much good work. You can walk to any shop and get a packet of milk," he adds. "We are the largest producers of milk and we consume all of it." In this pursuit of plenty, however, the emphasis on quality took a backseat.

As he did his research, Kishore found that India's dairy industry continues to thrive, recording an annual growth of 12 percent CAGR. Having grown up in an agrarian household, he felt a natural affinity for the industry. "I also learned that dairy had lots of potential as a business venture," he recalls.

The trial-and-error business model 

With two degrees in industrial chemistry and polymer science and engineering, as well as a doctoral thesis on the "squalid mechanics of polymeric materials," Kishore entered the dairy business as a rookie. So he did what he knew best - hit the books. A veterinarian friend, Ravi, helped him choose his first batch of cows. "He told me, 'you have to look at the cow's beauty'. I had no idea what that meant," Kishore laughs.

He and his wife visited numerous farms across India, learning everything they could. They hired staff to milk the cows and started in the wholesale market. The plan didn't work. "We were selling at Rs 15 per litre when the cost of production was anywhere between Rs 25 and Rs 30," he says. So, they decided to sell directly to customers. It meant visiting them personally, distributing pamphlets that his wife designed, explaining the benefits of milk that contains no preservatives, antibiotics, hormones, or thickening agents.

[caption id="attachment_26757" align="alignnone" width="1370"]Kishore Indukuri | Sid's Farm | Global Indian Graphic courtesy: Sid's Farm[/caption]

 

"Milk doesn't take a break," Kishore says. "We were transporting fresh milk twice a day, 730 times a year, starting 2013." The obstacles were many, especially on the distribution side. There were accidents and numerous untold delays. "It doesn't matter how good the milk is, if the customer didn't get it in time for his morning coffee, he will go elsewhere." Eight years later, they do 16,000 deliveries a day and have separate apps for customer interaction as well as delivery. "We didn't even stop during COVID," he says.

He recalls another occasion when the staff, who would milk the cows threatened to go on strike, demanding more money. The team was at a loss, the cows needed to be milked. Local farmers took pity on their plight, milked their cows, and then came to help them. "That's how we started working with farmers, we sell their milk for them."

Put to the test 

Fresh, raw Indian milk is among the best in the world, Kishore remarks, sourced from smaller farmers who keep grass-fed, free-range cows. However, with little implementation of the regulations, thickeners, preservatives, hormones, and antibiotics are a common presence. Making sure their dairy farm produces pure and unadulterated is a point of pride for Kishore, who has never held back from spending on the best equipment. "A lot of the technology is available in India because of our thriving dairy industry," he says.

Kishore Indukuri | Sid's Farm | Global Indian

First, raw milk is tested for thickeners, using an ultrasound pulse. Salts, sugar, urea, and maida are commonly used thickening agents, to help the sellers get more value for money. Hormones are also commonly found and used to increase milk production. "When antibiotics are given to a cow, they go from the bloodstream to the milk," he says. Consuming trace amounts of antibiotics causes microbial drug resistance within the human body - when the medicines are needed, they will not work.

"Preservatives are commonly added too. Nature designed milk to be drunk immediately, but we don't do that. Bacteria feed on the milk and convert the lactose into lactic acid. The thinking seems to be, if you add a base like hydrogen peroxide or caustic (to neutralise the acid), or modify the pH levels, it won't go bad." The answer to this is effective chilling systems - and Kishore insists on the best. "Antibiotic testing alone costs us up to Rs 4 lakhs a month," he says.

 The journey so far 

The dairy farm has grown tremendously over the last decade, branching out over the years into other dairy products like paneer, ghee, (made with lemon juice, not synthetic chemicals), curd, and butter, all made in-house. Cow milk and buffalo milk are processed and sold separately. Kishore also hopes to expand to other states soon.

 As our conversation draws to a close, Kishore smiles, adding, "There's one more thing. When we bought this land, there was nothing on it. We have planted over 500 trees in 10 years. We also harvest rainwater to recharge the groundwater table."

 

  • Follow Sid's Farm on Instagram or visit their website

Reading Time: 8 mins

Story
Chandrayaan-3 perfects Moon landing: How ISRO is making space technology accessible to the world

(August 23, 2023) That, their journey began in the backyard of a church in a small village of Kerala, is hardly a story that needs retelling. Journeying far from its humble origins, the Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO) trajectory of accomplishments has been nothing short of awe-inspiring. Over the last many years, through their brilliance and toil, ISRO's scientists have been able to transition from their modest beginnings to becoming a global player in space exploration - successfully ferrying foreign satellites and orchestrating the launch of lunar and Martian orbiters. And now, these geniuses have yet again scripted history by becoming the first ever to land a spacecraft on the Moon’s south pole, in just $75 million - about ten times less than NASA's Artemis moon programme. [caption id="attachment_44083" align="aligncenter" width="725"] APPLE satellite being transported via bullock cart in 1981[/caption] However, beyond all the attention given to their many successful missions, there's one more achievement of ISRO that often goes unnoticed - their contribution to making space technology cheaper for many countries that can't launch their own satellites. Over the last decade, India has gracefully launched an impressive constellation of 431 satellites, extending its help to 36 countries across the

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tion to making space technology cheaper for many countries that can't launch their own satellites. Over the last decade, India has gracefully launched an impressive constellation of 431 satellites, extending its help to 36 countries across the globe, including South Korea, Argentina, Germany, Indonesia, Turkey, Italy, and Finland.

ISRO | Global Indian

And that's not all. Within the tapestry of the global space industry, ISRO emerges as a pivotal thread, weaving a contribution of almost $7 billion, and boasting a partnership with more than 40 Indian startups, each sculpting their launch vehicles, crafting satellites, and delving into other related endeavours.

Space for all

While organisations like NASA and ESA have always had financial backing from their respective authorities, ISRO lacked funding for a long time. This forced the scientists at ISRO to come up with some really innovative and pocket-friendly ways to operate and launch successful missions.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JHLjbaM45Yc

Interestingly, ISRO launched the Mangalyaan in 2013 with a budget of ₹4.5 billion, equivalent to $74 million, a figure that, when viewed through Western lenses, stands as astonishingly economical. In a striking parallel, during that very same year, the American Maven orbiter's journey to the Red Planet incurred expenses nearly 10 times more in comparison. In fact, ISRO sent orbiters to both Moon and Mars at a cost eclipsed by Warner Bros. Pictures' expenditure in producing the 2013 cinematic marvel, Gravity.

[caption id="attachment_44085" align="aligncenter" width="648"]ISRO | Global Indian ISRO's Chandrayaan-2 explored the south pole of the Moon[/caption]

ISRO's ability to achieve extraordinary feats while maintaining a prudent approach to financial allocation has attracted several nations to partner with India in order to send their satellites and orbiters into space. In the year 2017, ISRO created history by successfully launching 104 satellites on a single mission, overtaking the previous record of 37 satellites launched by Russia in 2014. Of the 104 small satellites, 96 belong to the United States while Israel, Kazakhstan, the United Arab Emirates, Switzerland, and the Netherlands are the other foreign clients.

High on quality; low on cost

While ISRO's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) has a rather small capacity in terms of volume (about 4000 kgs as cargo), in comparison to NASA’s Space Launch System (approximately 70,000 kgs), several nations have time and again preferred to partner with India over the USA. The PSLV rocket makes a launch happen at around $25 million, and sending each kilogram of cargo into space costs about $6600. On the other hand, NASA's SLS requires a massive $2 billion for just one launch, which makes the cost of carrying one kilogram of cargo an astonishing $29,000 - four times more than ISRO.

[caption id="attachment_44093" align="aligncenter" width="633"]ISRO | Global Indian ISRO's Mangalyaan[/caption]

And of course, it goes without saying that ISRO's PSLV is one of the most reliable launch platforms in the world. With over 50 successful launches, PSLV boasts the achievement of launching the highest number of satellites into a sun-synchronous orbit in a single launch - thus making it the most sought-after platform for various developing countries across the globe to support their space endeavours.

Empowering the next generation

It wouldn't be wrong to say that the successful launch of Chandrayaan and Mangalyaan changed the game not just for ISRO, but for those thousands of youngsters who wished to take the Indian flag to space one day. In recent years, India has witnessed the emergence of numerous space technology startups. However, the year 2022 stood out as a significant milestone, marked by the remarkable launch activities of several private players deploying their satellites. According to the latest Economic Survey, India has now become the nurturing ground for a collective of 104 space startups and 368 space technology companies.

ISRO | Global Indian

Over the years, several key players have emerged in the space tech ecosystem of India, and are being actively supported by ISRO. Many companies - such as AgniKul Cosmos, Skyroot Aerospace, Dhruva Space, Pixxel, and Bellatrix Aerospace - have been able to not only manufacture their own satellites but have also launched them successfully using ISRO's infrastructure - making the technology accessible for many other private players in other countries.

"There’s no future of space without private sector participation," Dr. S. Somanath, Chairman of ISRO, said earlier this year, during the inauguration of the Space System Design Lab at the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre. "The space sector economy, which is today at about $447 billion, is expected to grow to $1.5 trillion. About 50 percent of that would be just 1.8 percent of India’s projected GDP in 2047, and private space industry in the country will be heavy contributors to this," he added.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofmnRfs3uwc

While India's private space domain might have taken flight five decades after the historic moon landing, industry insiders believe that the country's private enterprises have more than victory on their minds.

  • Watch Chandrayaan 3 Vikram landing LIVE
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Reading Time: 6 mins

Story
Creating history: Author Priya Satia’s novels narrate the tale of India under the British Raj

(January 11, 2023) For the past several generations, British historians have deconstructed and reimagined world history to suit the Empire's narrative. Their tales of development in various colonies of the empire across the globe - including India, the Middle East, Africa, and the Caribbean - licensed the brutal suppression of the colonial rebellion by imperial governance. While these narratives still echo in world history, author Priya Satia's latest release, Time's Monster: History, Conscience, and Britain's Empire, examines how the British historians not only twisted the fate of colonial politics but also shaped the futures of generations to come. [caption id="attachment_33728" align="aligncenter" width="526"] Priya Satia, author[/caption] "It shaped my family’s history and so much of the world, and I felt I could contribute – and correct influential myths – from the United States," the author shared during an interview while answering why it was important for her to write this book. The award-winning author of Empire of Guns: The Violent Making of the Industrial Revolution and Spies in Arabia - Priya compels her readers to look into the parts of world history that generally are never discussed. The Raymond A. Spruance Professor of International History and Professor of British History at

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t I could contribute – and correct influential myths – from the United States," the author shared during an interview while answering why it was important for her to write this book. The award-winning author of Empire of Guns: The Violent Making of the Industrial Revolution and Spies in Arabia - Priya compels her readers to look into the parts of world history that generally are never discussed. The Raymond A. Spruance Professor of International History and Professor of British History at Stanford University, the Global Indian regularly writes for various media outlets including Financial Times, The Nation, and Washington Post.

The Arabian conquest

A Ph.D. scholar from the University of California, Berkeley, Priya grew up in Los Gatos, amidst a lot of books. An avid reader, she was always curious to know about the past of the nation to which she belongs - India. And it was this passion which led her to write several books on the British Raj in the country. In 2008, Priya released her first book, Spies in Arabia: The Great War and the Cultural Foundations of Britain's Covert Empire in the Middle East, which was well-received not just by the audience, but also by the critics.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaG_JMxQ9eI

In a recent interview, the author discussed why she chose to write about events in the Middle East. "I had an interest in South Asia before I had an interest in the Middle East. I was looking into the Indian Army, which did most of the fighting in Iraq during World War I, and became distracted by the Indian Army’s British officers. They arrived thinking that they were in the land of the Arabian Nights, that this place was mysterious and unknowable. But they were there to perform very practical tasks. I became curious how their cultural outlook shaped what they did and how they did it."

Uncovering several conspiracy theories, the author shares how off-base the British were and how outlandishly exaggerated their theories. "When I wrote Spies in Arabia, I was so sure that the British were so wrong in what they assumed about native inhabitants that I didn’t pay enough attention to their actual interactions. This dimension comes out more in my current work on global anticolonial networks than it did in Spies. I’m now looking at the conspiracy theory chapter from the other side, in a sense," she said.

The bloody history of India

While it is not talked about or portrayed in world history, that the British were barbaric towards Indians is a truth that needs no further proof. And yet, everyone seems to have turned a blind eye toward the actual events of the time. Priya, however, shares that it was very important for her to uncover this part of history and present it to the world. “In public memory, redemptive myths about colonial upliftment persistently mask the empire’s abysmal history of looting and pillage, policy-driven famines, brutal crushing of the rebellion, torture, concentration camps, aerial policing, and everyday racism and humiliation,” the author explained in the book Empire of Guns, adding, "To be sure, there is a story about the ‘banality of evil’ to be told— about the automatic, conformist ways in which ordinary people become complicit in inhumanity. But in the case of the British Empire, the bigger story is perhaps that of inhumanity perpetrated by individuals deeply concerned with their consciences, indeed actively interrogating their consciences."

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHldSyL8ouo

The book earned Priya the 2019 Pacific Coast Conference on British Studies Book Prize, the Wadsworth Prize in Business History, and the AHA's Jerry Bentley Prize in world history. "Empire of Guns told the story of a very important eighteenth-century gunmaker named Samuel Galton. As a Quaker, he was forced to defend his gun-making to fellow Quakers who felt it violated the sect’s pacifist commitments," shared the author, who was also the finalist for the LA Times Book Prize in History and shortlisted for the Laura Shannon Prize in Contemporary European Studies and the PEN Hessell-Tiltman Prize.

The author, who is also the curator of several tailored history seminars, wants young people to read and understand history from an unbiased point of view. "To those hoping to enter the world of history, I would suggest coming in with a strong, uncompromising sense of the purpose of that entry, else the academy will instill its own values of personal professional advancement, which are designed to perpetuate institutions as they exist now," the author shared during a class.

  • Follow Prof Priya Satia on Twitter

Reading Time: 6 mins

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Bollywood magic: Africa’s deep-rooted love affair with Indian cinema

(August 6, 2024) Sitting on a boat in a lake surrounded by water lilies in the picturesque landscape of Morogoro in Tanzania, social media star Kili Paul is lip-syncing to the popular song Suniya Suniya Raatan. His love for Indian music isn't a secret as the 29-year-old's social media is full of videos of him performing popular Bollywood songs. Clad in his Masaai attire, he never misses a chance to show his love for Bollywood. So much so that he was honoured by Indian High Commission in Tanzania for promoting Indian music and culture. But he isn't the only one, hundreds of heartwarming videos of Africans immaculately singing Bollywood numbers are proof that our films have touched millions of hearts in the continent of Africa, even some 6,000 kilometers away.   View this post on Instagram   A post shared by Kili Paul (@kili_paul) Bollywood first made its mark in Africa in the 1950s. With Hollywood film licensing hefty on their pockets, Africans found a perfect alternative in Bollywood films. The themes, plots, and lively song and dance routines of Bollywood films resonated with African audiences. Even without dubbing, Hindi films drew packed houses across the continent. The love affair

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A post shared by Kili Paul (@kili_paul)

Bollywood first made its mark in Africa in the 1950s. With Hollywood film licensing hefty on their pockets, Africans found a perfect alternative in Bollywood films. The themes, plots, and lively song and dance routines of Bollywood films resonated with African audiences. Even without dubbing, Hindi films drew packed houses across the continent.

The love affair that began some 70 years ago is growing stronger with each passing day. From the shores of Tanzania to the inlands of Mali, every country in the continent shares a strong bond with Bollywood.

Arun Ashokan, who moved to Malawi five years ago, vouches for Africans' love for Bollywood. "I recently spotted this girl in Mponela singing a Hindi film song, who came running to me inquiring about the film. They love Bollywood films, and music and even watch Hindi serials. They have small theatres in villages where they play these movies and serials," he tells Global Indian.

Mali's Bollywood-themed radio shows

Bollywood has even enchanted the people of Bamako in Mali. Nestled on the banks of the calm Niger river, Bamako boasts of rich history, diverse linguistic and cultural traditions. But this West African country's love for Bollywood is an open secret. Even the 8,604 km distance between Mumbai and Bamako is no spoiler for Malians who love Bollywood and Indian culture.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=toD184BQinM

Anjani Kumar, Ambassador of India to the Republic of Mali told Financial Express that there is a significant fan base for Bollywood cinema, song, and dance in Mali. He described his meeting with singer Mofas Khan as truly enriching. "An ardent Indophile who has never been to India but his love for our country and culture is admirable. He is a passionate singer who has learnt Hindi without a teacher. He presents a weekly radio program called India Gaana dedicated to Bollywood where he painstakingly interprets Hindi songs in Bambara, the lingua franca of Mali and West Africa, and also gives information about the film personalities."

Hailing from a village in Mopti, Mofas Khan expresses his love for India through Bollywood songs. Like many Bamako residents, Khan, too, grew up on a rich diet of Bollywood films and has been in love with the Indian culture ever since. It was Rote Rote Hasna Seekho from Andha Kanoon that Khan crooned for the first time, and since then, there has been no looking back for this Indophile.

But Khan is not the only known Bollywood aficionado in Mali. Seydou Dembele is another resident of the country who wears his love for Bollywood up his sleeve. A school teacher by profession, Dembele was introduced to Hindi cinema by his father who worked at a theatre that screened Bollywood films. For the last 25 years, he has been presenting a radio show - Indian Frequency on Bollywood Songs - every Sunday afternoon.

Such has been his popularity that even Prime Minister Narendra Modi mentioned him during Mann Ki Baat in 2020. "His passion for India, affection, and love are indeed a matter of pride for us," the PM had said.

When Seduji visited #Kumbh and at that time he was part of the delegation that I met, his passion for India, affection and love are indeed a matter of pride for all of us: PM @narendramodi #MannKiBaat #PMonAIR pic.twitter.com/RC2HtjBBQQ

— All India Radio News (@airnewsalerts) September 27, 2020

The love for Bollywood music extends beyond radio shows, flourishing in cultural groups that promote Indian music and dance. Three prominent cultural groups in the capital, Bamako—Yaarana Hindustani, Bollywood Fans International, and Dostiare—periodically organize cultural events. These events bring together Malian artists, singers, and dancers who have dedicated themselves to various aspects of Indian culture.

Ghana's romance with Bollywood classics

Some 1,100 kilometers away, Rex Cinema in Ghana's Kumasi had become a favourite with Bollywood fans during the 1960s. The theatre played Bhagwan Dada and Geeta Bali's Albela every Friday for a year, selling out its 2,000-seat capacity.

It was the post-colonial period that brought Bollywood films to the shores of Ghana. The recurrent themes of community, honour, morality, and family values resonated with the people of Ghana, kindling their love for Bollywood.

In the capital city of Tamale, old Hindi films like Albela (1951), Love In Tokyo (1966), Noorie (1979), and Andha Kanoon (1983) are still viewed by residents in their homes and neighbourhood video centers. The people of Ghana devour Hindi films, and their love for Bollywood can be seen across innumerable DVD shops.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQG4kQ3x-Uw

While the Bollywood classics are a hit with Ghanaians, the older Dagomba (ethnic group of Ghana)viewers outright rejected the Bollywood films of the 90s citing cultural and moral shifts. The video center owners decided not to screen new Bollywood films.

Kannywood's emergence in Nigeria, courtesy Bollywood

Nigeria's love affair with Bollywood began in the 1950s. Considered to be a cheaper alternative to the latest Hollywood hits, some Lebanese merchants decided to import Hindi films to Nigeria. Soon attending Bollywood film screenings in open courtyards became commonplace in Nigerian culture. Interestingly, the films screened were neither dubbed nor subtitled in the native language. Mainly because the Nigerian communities saw themselves in the stories portrayed in Hindi cinema, Bollywood was able to cut through the language barrier in Africa.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vj34Jwi62gM&list=PLNBidjQ1MgTRQ0QrgMdMHcw7CzIF8dzar

Be it pulp fiction or devotional songs, Bollywood left an indelible mark on Hausa culture - it acted as a catalyst in the creation of Kannywood, the north Nigerian movie hub based out of Kano. Kannywood Studios often replicate Bollywood movies shot by shot, and they also produce music videos heavily influenced by Indian styles. In 2013, an album inspired by this trend was released in Nigeria, titled Harafinso: Bollywood-Inspired Film Music from Hausa Nigeria.

Even the women of Nigeria have found inspiration in Bollywood which led to the emergence of soyayya - or - love literature in the 80s. The Hausa women, deeply inspired by the innocent romance in Hindi films, started writing soyayya novels to modernise their conservative communities.

Over the years, Bollywood's grip on Nigeria has become as strong as ever, and now Nollywood (the Nigerian film industry) is collaborating with Bollywood to produce films together. The 2020 Netflix film Namaste Wahala, based on a romantic relationship between an Indian boy and a Nigerian girl, is the perfect example of this collaboration. S Pratibha, who moved with her husband to Abuja two years ago, says that Nigerians grew up on a staple of Bollywood films. "They love everything Bollywood. On the streets, you often find Bollywood music playing. It is a great feeling to see Nigerians embracing Hindi music."

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJzCtDD-FDQ

Kenya's pop culture boost from Bollywood

In Nigeria, Bollywood served as a source of inspiration, while in Kenya, Hindi films significantly influenced music genres, landscapes, and fashion, offering dreams during the 60s, 70s, and 80s. With a huge population of Asians residing in Kenya from the 60s to the 90s, Bollywood became an integral part of the culture. Globe Cinema in Nairobi was the go-to destination for Bollywood film buffs and the movies it showcased opened doors to Indian culture among East Africa's Asian community. The film provided a quick lesson in fashion customs and traditions.

From Rajesh Khanna to Shah Rukh Khan, Bollywood stars have left an imprint on the people of Kenya. In 2019, actor Anupam Kher shared a video of a Kenyan couple lip-syncing to Tujhe Dekha Toh Yeh Jaana Sanam from Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge. The same year, the first-ever Indian Films Festival was held in Kenya.

Presenting #Sharukh and #Kajol from Kenya lip-synching the eternal love song from the eternal #dilwaledulhanialejayenge. Video shared by the man who composed the song, @pandit_lalit. Enjoy.🤓🙏😎😍 #MusicIsUniversal pic.twitter.com/5gwga3kARv

— Anupam Kher (@AnupamPKher) September 12, 2019

Like music, films transcend boundaries, and this is especially true for Bollywood films. If you're an Indian traveler, chances are you've encountered people who recognize your identity because of Bollywood stars. That's the power of Hindi cinema. Over the last 60 years, Africans have embraced Bollywood films to the extent that they have become a part of their culture. Indian films have left an indelible mark on Africa, and this love affair continues to grow for both regions. However, the challenge remains that many African countries still prefer classic films from the past. The task now is to make contemporary Indian cinema more appealing to a global audience.

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Global Indian – a Hero’s Journey is an online publication which showcases the journeys of Indians who went abroad and have had an impact on India. 

These journeys are meant to inspire and motivate the youth to aspire to go beyond where they were born in a spirit of adventure and discovery and return home with news ideas, capital or network that has an impact in some way for India.

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