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Avinash Sable | Global Indian
Global IndianstoryWho is Avinash Sable, the first Indian to qualify for the Olympic men’s steeplechase finals
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Who is Avinash Sable, the first Indian to qualify for the Olympic men’s steeplechase finals

Compiled by: Charu Thakur

(August 10, 2024) It was at the Stade de France that Asian Games champion Avinash Sable lined up with his opponents for the men’s 3000m steeplechase final at the Paris Olympics 2024. Sprinting in his orange shoes, he made a quick start and led the pack in the opening lap but soon fell behind and ended up finishing eleventh in a sport that’s mostly dominated by East African athletes. Though he failed to win a medal at the Paris Olympics, Indian athletes achieved a series of firsts at the sporting event. Among these achievements was Sable becoming the first Indian to qualify for the men’s 3000m steeplechase final, finishing fifth in the qualification round with a timing of 8:15.43.

Avinash Sable | Global Indian

Avinash Sable at Paris Olympics 2024

The Indian athlete, also a national record-holder in men’s 5000m, is a man of determination and hard work. Coming from Beed district, an area known for its landless workers and migrant labourers, Avinash faced a harsh reality that fuelled his drive for success. Watching his parents constantly move for work instilled in him a relentless work ethic and a passion to do whatever it takes to achieve his goals. “For me, the background of the athlete is very important. Those who come from humble families, from the villages have faced the worst situations in life, those things made them hardened and battle-ready. They are not afraid of adversity and want to work hard. Sable was special and different from others. He has a will of steel and he can come back from any worse scenario” his former coach Amrish Kumar said in an interview.

Sable, who set a national record with his best timing of 8:09.94 during this year’s Diamond League, never initially intended to become an athlete. “When I was a child, I had never thought I would become an athlete and win medals for the country. It’s destiny,” the Global Indian said.

Adversity shaped his ability to overcome any obstacle

Born into a farmer’s family in 1994 in Mandwa village, Beed district, Maharashtra, Sable grew up with modest means. His parents owned a small piece of land and worked as daily wage laborers in brick kilns. With his school nearly six kilometers away, Sable often ran to make it on time, while also helping his parents part-time at the kilns. Recognizing his potential, his schoolteachers encouraged him to participate in a local marathon at the age of nine. He won first place and a cash prize of ₹100. This victory boosted his confidence, and the muddy roads of his village soon became his training ground.

 

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While continuing to train and run marathons, Sable began working at construction sites after finishing Class 10 to help his family earn extra income. Despite enrolling in a local college, his struggles persisted. He had to run eight kilometers daily to reach college, where his talent was once again recognized by a teacher who played a pivotal role in broadening his horizons by accompanying him to collegiate-level track and field competitions. Always eager to join the Indian Army, Sable was recruited into the 5 Mahar regiment at the age of 18. In his early years of service, Avinash endured two extreme weather conditions—first, in the freezing cold of Siachen, the world’s highest battlefield, and later in the scorching 50-degree Celsius heat of Rajasthan. These experiences toughened him, preparing him to face any challenge that came his way.

Discovering his passion for Steeplechase

This determination led him to participate in a cross-country race within his regiment, and he soon began competing in larger events, eventually securing fifth place at the National Cross-Country Championship. It was there that he met his coach, Amrish Kumar, an Indian Army coach who mentors long-distance athletes. Kumar recognized Sable’s potential and pushed him to improve further. In 2017, at Kumar’s suggestion, Avinash switched from cross-country to the 3000m steeplechase. Within just one year of dedicated training, Sable shattered a national record that had stood for 37 years, achieving this remarkable feat in 2018.

Avinash Sable | Global Indian

The following year, at the Federation Cup in Patiala, Sable set a new record with a time of 8:28.94. This outstanding performance qualified him for both the 2019 Asian Athletics Championships and the 2019 World Athletics Championships, making him the first Indian male steeplechaser to qualify for the World Championships. He secured a silver medal in his international debut at the 2019 Asian Athletics Championships in Doha and went on to break his own national record twice at the World Championships. “The steeplechase is a very tactical race. So, most times, I was told it was not possible to break this record in India because no one can set that kind of pace in India. So, I had to set the pace for myself too,” Avinash said in an interview.

Racing to the finish line

In the final, Sable finished 13th with an impressive time of 8:21.37, not only surpassing the national record once more but also securing his qualification for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. This remarkable feat made him the first Indian to qualify for the steeplechase event at the Olympics since Gulzara Singh Mann in 1952. However, the COVID-19 pandemic delayed the Olympics by a year, and just three months before the rescheduled Tokyo Olympics in 2021, Avinash tested positive, impacting his performance at the world’s biggest sporting event. Despite this setback, he managed to break his record yet again, though it was only enough to secure a seventh-place finish.

 

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A post shared by Avinash Sable (@avinash__sable)

However, Sable made a remarkable comeback at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, winning a silver medal in the steeplechase. This achievement made him the first athlete from outside Kenya to win a medal in the men’s 3000 meters steeplechase at the Commonwealth Games since 1994. He then reached new heights at the 2023 Asian Games, where he made history by winning India’s first-ever gold medal in the steeplechase and also earned a silver medal in the men’s 5000m.

His participation in the 3000m steeplechase final at the Paris Olympics 2024 marked a significant chapter in his illustrious career. His journey, from humble beginnings to becoming a global contender, reflects his unwavering determination and resilience. Despite the intense competition and challenges, Sable’s performance in Paris showcased his exceptional talent and grit, solidifying his place as one of India’s premier athletes.

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  • Avinash Sable
  • Global Indian
  • Indian athlete
  • Paris Olympics 2024

Published on 10, Aug 2024

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S.M. Krishna: The architect of Brand Bengaluru, who paved the way for India’s global IT success

(December 11, 2024) "What's the price of tur dal in Gulbarga," S.M. Krishna asked the district collector of Gulbarga, back in 1999 when he was the Chief Minister of Karnataka. That seemingly mundane question actually marked a new era in government administration. On December 1 1999, the Chief Minister had launched video-conference facilities in the state, bringing nine districts into its network. By working with the Indian Telephone Industries and the Department of Telecommunications, S.M. Krishna was able to speak to officials across the state through his computer. This was decades before words like 'e-governance' and 'digitization' had come into vogue, and even mobile phones were largely unheard of by the common man. During his five years as the Chief Minister, S.M. Krishna put Bengaluru on the global map as an IT hub, transforming the 'Pensioner's Paradise' into the Silicon Valley of the east. From there, he went on to serve as External Affairs Minister under UPA 2, and in the span of one year, met 89 dignitaries from around the world. In 2010, he facilitated visits to India by the heads of state from all P-5 countries at the time - Barack Obama, Vladimir Putin, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao,

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Premier Wen Jiabao, French President Nicolas Sarkozy and British PM David Cameron. S.M. Krishna, an icon for Karnataka, the Global Indian who brought about the country's IT revolution and gave India a standing in global politics, passed away at his home in Bengaluru on December 10, 2024.

SM Krishna | Global Indian

Early Life and Education

Somanahalli Mallaiah Krishna was born into an agrarian family on May 1, 1932, in Somanahalli, a small village in Mandya district, Karnataka. Krishna’s formal education began in local schools in Mandya, where he quickly excelled in academics and earned himself admission to Maharaja’s College in Mysore, one of Karnataka’s premier institutions. Here, he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree, focusing on history and political science, and developed a keen interest in public service.

S.M. Krishna graduated from Maharaja's College, Mysore, and then came to Bengaluru to obtain a law degree from the Government Law College. From there, he moved to the US to study humanities at the Southern Methodit University Dallas, and then went to George Washington University as a Fulbright Scholar. He was politically active even as a student in the US.

In 1960, when Krishna was a 28-year-old student in the US, Democratic leader John F Kennedy was running for President. Krishna wrote to Kennedy, offering to campaign for him in areas dominated by Indian Americans. Kennedy went on to win the election, becoming one of the most popular presidents in US history, but did not forget the efforts of this proactive young law student from Mysore. He wrote to Krishna in a letter dated January 19, 1961, saying, "I hope that these few lines will convey my warm appreciation of your efforts during the campaign. I am most grateful for the splendid enthusiasm of my associates. I am only sorry I have not been able to personally thank you for the excellent work which you performed on behalf of the Democratic ticket."

With the fire for politics already ignited in him, S.M. Krishna returned to India and made his own entry into the political scene. Upon returning to India, Krishna brought with him not only a degree but also a renewed determination to contribute to Karnataka’s development. His early experiences laid the groundwork for his future leadership, combining a rural upbringing with global exposure.

[caption id="attachment_61499" align="aligncenter" width="400"]SM Krishna | Global Indian A young S.M. Krishna riding to the Vidhana Soudha in Bengaluru. Photo: The Hindu[/caption]

Political Career and Rise to Leadership

Krishna’s rise in politics began in 1962 when he was elected to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly as a member of the Indian National Congress. Representing Mandya, Krishna focused on rural development and education, two areas close to his heart. His ability to connect with people and his commitment to development quickly earned him recognition within the party.

In 1971, Krishna was elected to the Lok Sabha, representing the Mandya constituency. During his time in Parliament, he was appointed Minister of State for Industry under Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. This role gave him firsthand experience in policymaking and industrial growth. Krishna’s tenure in Delhi deepened his understanding of the economic policies that could drive India’s modernization.

Returning to state politics in the 1980s, Krishna held several key portfolios, including Finance and Urban Development. He gained a reputation for being a reformist leader who prioritized results over rhetoric. His work in urban planning, particularly in Bengaluru, set the stage for his future leadership.

The CM who transformed Bengaluru

When S.M. Krishna took office as Chief Minister of Karnataka in 1999, the world was in the middle of the dot-com boom, which had begun in 1995. The internet, digital communication, and globalization were reshaping economies across the world, and investors and stock markets alike were bullish about tech startups in California, which included companies like Amazon. While India was just catching on to internet tech, the country had already seen significant economic reforms post the liberalisation of 1991, which opened up markets and positioned the country as a growing power in the global economy. What’s more, while Bengaluru showed great promise, Andhra Pradesh already had a headstart on the tech bandwagon.

“When I assumed office as CM, there was keen competition from Hyderabad under Chandrababu Naidu. He had made tremendous strides in taking technology to the erstwhile Andhra Pradesh. I saw the developments we were making and the growth of the big IT companies, like Infosys and Wipro. So I said why should we not utilise their leadership and their innovative politics,” SM Krishna told The New Indian Express in an interview. Bengaluru had already shown promise as a global IT leader, with two of India’s most successful tech companies, Infosys and Wipro, headquartered here.

[caption id="attachment_61500" align="aligncenter" width="582"]S.M. Krishna | Global Indian | Bill Gates | Narayana Murthy S.M. Krishna with Micosoft founder Bill Gates and Infosys co-founder Narayana Murthy[/caption]

Yet, despite this early success, Bengaluru faced immense challenges in terms of infrastructure, traffic congestion, a nd urban planning. These issues posed a real threat to the city's ability to handle the rapid expansion of the IT sector. To address these issues, S.M. Krishna recognized the need for bold leadership and strategic reforms.

Krishna’s first call was to Narayana Murthy. "I approached Murthy of Infosys to be on the CM Commitee on IT-BT," he said. Murthy was more than happy to take up the offer, and wanted to give back to his hometown, Mysuru. After that, Krishna called the founder of Wipro, Azim Premji at his office in Sarjapur, and requested an appointment with  him. "He asked where I was calling from and I said I am speaking from Vidhana Soudha. He asked me, “Have you seen the condition of the road in Sarjapur”, and explained I would take half a day to visit his office and come back.  Then I asked the chief engineer, Public Works Department, to go to Sarjapur and see that the roads are all set right," Krishna recalled.

The rapid growth of the IT sector strained the city's roads, utilities, and urban planning. Krishna’s measures focused on improving connectivity through projects like the Outer Ring Road and flyovers, addressing traffic, and facilitating IT growth.

Krishna's approach was to bring the captains of the IT industry to the fore in the race to make Bengaluru a global tech hub. He founded the Bangalore Agenda Task Force and appointed Nandan Nilekani as its chairman. "We used to meet every six months. We set targets for Bangalore's growth, and there was accountability, and accountability became very pronounced."

[caption id="attachment_61496" align="aligncenter" width="800"]Former Bengaluru CM | Global Indian S.M. Krishna with his wife, daughter and son-in-law, VG Siddharth, the founder of Coffee Day[/caption]

For the first time in a long time, Karnataka had a political class that did not drag its feet over the smallest things, where accountability and growth were front and centre on the leadership agenda. His administration streamlined business processes, providing a conducive environment for IT companies while modernizing Bengaluru’s infrastructure, setting the stage for its future success. "That was how Bengaluru developed, and Chandrababu Naidu himself said Bangalore was the hub of IT-BT," Krishna said.

Legacy and Continuing Impact

By the time Krishna left office in 2004, Bengaluru had firmly established itself as India’s IT capital. The policies and projects initiated during his tenure laid the foundation for sustained economic growth, transforming the city into a global symbol of India’s technological prowess.

Krishna’s critics have pointed out that rapid urbanization brought challenges such as traffic congestion and uneven development. However, his supporters argue that these are inevitable byproducts of progress and that his vision for Bengaluru created opportunities that outweighed the drawbacks.

After serving as Chief Minister, SM Krishna continued his political journey as India’s External Affairs Minister from 2009 to 2012. In this role, he further championed India’s global engagement, strengthening the country’s ties with other nations. However, his contributions to Bengaluru remain his most enduring legacy.

[caption id="attachment_61501" align="aligncenter" width="783"]Former Bengaluru CM | Barack Obama | Hilary Clinton | Global Indian Photo: Creator: Pete Souza Official White House Photo / Wikimedia Commons[/caption]

After 46 years, S.M. Krishna left the Indian National Congress in 2017 after a long and distinguished career. His decision was driven by growing dissatisfaction with the Congress leadership, especially after the party's declining influence in Karnataka. Krishna expressed disappointment over the party’s internal dynamics and its inability to address the state's concerns effectively. He joined the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in 2017, citing the BJP’s commitment to national development and his belief that the party would be better positioned to address Karnataka’s issues. His move was seen as a significant shift in Karnataka's political landscape.

'Visionary', 'statesman', the 'gentleman politician'—these descriptions became synonymous with S.M. Krishna during his lifetime. They will continue to remain a part of the legacy of the man who reshaped the history of Bengaluru, and India, on the world stage.

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Chef Chintan Pandya: The desi ‘Dhamaka’ in NYC

(October 8, 2022) The biggest misconception about Indian food in America, believes James Beard Award-winning Chef Chintan Pandya, is that it is "too heavy." Maybe it had to do with the American-Indian fare commonly found in the US, but Americans believed - that "if you eat Indian food for lunch, you won't be eating dinner," Pandya told Money Control. Pandya and his business partner, Roni Mazumdar run three immensely popular restaurants in New York City - Rahi, Adda and Dhamaka. Restaurant fare was doused liberally with cream and butter and as any Indian will tell you, that's not how we do it at home. Instead, Pandya ensures his food contains no cream or butter whatsoever. Everything is cooked in ghee. They revel in their Indian-ness, so much so their company is called Unapologetic Foods, while their servers wear t-shirts with 'Unapologetic Indian' written across them. On any given night in New York City, the waiting list for Dhamaka is around 1500 people. Global Indian looks at Chef Chintan Pandya's remarkable journey. [caption id="attachment_30366" align="aligncenter" width="618"] Chef Chintan Pandya and Roni Mazumdar[/caption] Regional flavours to the fore You're also not likely to find the sort of 'gourmet' Indian fare that's usually

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dian.com//wp-content/uploads/2022/10/chintan-and-roni.jpg" alt="" width="618" height="412" /> Chef Chintan Pandya and Roni Mazumdar[/caption]

Regional flavours to the fore

You're also not likely to find the sort of 'gourmet' Indian fare that's usually served up at desi restaurants in New York City. Pandya and Mazumdar refuse to serve their Indian food with "truffle, wasabi or parmesan to make it gourmet. We were ashamed to make real Indian food," Pandya remarked. "This recognition will empower a lot of chefs to believe that simple Indian food can be successful and it can bring you recognition and accolades.' 

At Dhamaka, you can ease your way in to the menu with vada pav, or "spiced potatoes in a bun with turmeric and chutney," or the fried pomfret. If you're feeling more adventurous, you could branch out into the Meghalayan boiled pig's head salad. All their food is served in the same vessel in which it is cooked, a bluntness of style that has drawn praise and criticism and in both cases, recognition. 

In 2022, Chef Chintan Pandya was named Best Chef in New York State at the James Beard Foundation Awards, after Dhamaka made it to No. 1 on the NYT New Restaurants list. It was more than he could have imagined. He thought he had peaked when Adda became the first restaurant to make it to the coveted list.

 

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Learning from setbacks

Growing up in India in a vegetarian household, Pandya always knew he wanted to be a chef, because he "genuinely loves to eat," he told Eater. "I always wanted to be a chef so I could eat as much as I wanted and not have to pay money." At home, the Sunday meal was much anticipated, "because that's when mom made dal dhokli," he said, in the interview with Moneycontrol. "So bhelpuri, sevpuri, dosa and Chinese food from the roadside stall were a huge part of my life. Rasraj and Guru Kripa in Vile Parle at Shiv Sagar at Chowpatty were favourite haunts." 

The first time he handled meat, poultry and seafood was at culinary school, which he attended for three years before joining the Oberoi Centre of Learning and Development for his master's degree. That's where he specialised in Indian food, a turn of events that happened almost by chance. Italian cuisine was his first choice but there were no openings at the Oberoi Grand, where he was at the time and he was assigned to the Indian restaurant instead.

These were the early setbacks in Pandya's life and he admits there have been "multiple," which have only "made him stronger." In 2008, he quit hotels and worked as a food and beverage manager for an international airline, which involved lots of desk work and no cooking. His first break came in 2009, when he moved to Singapore to serve as a chef-partner at a fine-dining restaurant, where he remained for four years. In 2013, he came to Cleveland, working with a company there as its culinary director.

Rahi, the trendsetter

It was around this time that he decided to do something on his own and Atlanta seemed the place to be for Indian food. Pandya was wrong, however. He "lost a certain amount of time, money, effort, everything." So he packed his bags once more and arrived in New York City. In 2017, he founded Unapologetic Food with Roni Mazumdar and they opened Rahi, an upscale Indian restaurant in Greenwich Village. Their take was contemporary fusion, with offerings like truffle khichdi and smoked salmon chaat.

[caption id="attachment_30364" align="aligncenter" width="510"] The truffle khichdi at Rahi. Photo: Instagram[/caption]

Indian and proud

A year down the line, they changed that approach. Adda opened up in Long Island in 2018 and Dhamaka came to the Lower East Side in February 2021. They did away with the tikka masala and salmon and truffles, bringing regional flavours boldly to the fore. While Adda dished up a Lucknow-style goat neck biryani, Dhamaka brought more exotic offerings to the table, like the Meghalayan doh kleh. In 2022, one year after its opening, Dhamaka fetched Pandya the James Beard Award for best chef. 

Now, the duo wants to step out of the diverse and cosmopolitan hub that is New York City, to test themselves in tougher environments. "Until we really reach the heart of the country," Mazumdar told the New York Times, "I don't think we can really move Indian cuisine forward." There are perceptions to battle - "Americans expect to pay less for tandoori paneer than they would a burrata salad, and to dictate the level of spiciness," Pandya said, in the same article. "We are stopping this idea of catering to every other person but the Indian palate."

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Cities by design: Cambridge’s Dr Ronita Bardhan brings sustainability into low-income housing

(May 8, 2022) Over a billion people across the world live in slums – nearly one in six. Orangi Town in Karachi, Pakistan is by far the world's largest, with some 2.4 million inhabitants. More than a million residents crowd together in Mumbai's Dharavi slum, where development of low-income housing is overseen by the Slum Rehabilitation Authority (SRA). Over the years, thousands of people were moved out of temporary dwellings into brick and mortar shelters. It’s a step up, one would think. It's not long before residents realise that their concrete tenements aren't all they're made out to be... “Poor design causes a multitude of problems with regard to health, well-being and socio-economic interaction,” says Cambridge University's assistant professor of sustainability in built environment - Dr Ronita Bardhan, in an interview with Global Indian. Sustainable, low-income housing is the architectural engineer's area of work - she has spent years studying rehabilitation projects at IIT-Bombay, Stanford University and Cambridge University. Her aim: Attempting to provide data and tech-driven, culturally rooted design solutions that work both at the individual and community levels. While cutting edge technology is the need of the hour, Ronita believes firmly that it should consider the socio-cultural context

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chnology is the need of the hour, Ronita believes firmly that it should consider the socio-cultural context within which it is being used.

However, faced with a problem of almost fantastic magnitude, authorities in slum rehabilitation projects around the world tend to rely on a purely quantitative approach. Working in isolation, without inputs from the health or energy ministries, the projects may fulfill the basic concern – shelter, but do little else.

Driven by data, transcending disciplines

Working out of the University of Cambridge, Ronita creates design solutions that marry engineering, AI and the social sciences. “Housing is not a noun, it's a verb,” says Ronita. “It decides the way a person lives, their health, and their economic outcomes. Housing policies don't cater to that, even though they should," she adds. She’s currently working towards four UN Sustainable Development Goals – 3 (good-health and well-being), 7 (affordable and clean energy), 11 (sustainable cities and communities) and 13 (climate action).

Ronita’s approach is a call for demand-led design. Her approach is data-driven, “it brings a hard-core engineering model together with the social sciences." Her work has taken her from India to projects in Indonesia, South Africa, Ethiopia and Brazil. She is the Director of Studies and Fellow in Architecture at Selwyn College. She also chairs the Equality Diversity Inclusivity Committee at the Department of Architecture and History of Arts.

Cry the beloved country

When she moved to Mumbai to join IIT-Bombay, she would often see sprawling apartment blocks whiz past her train window. She had no idea at the time why these buildings existed, apart from noting that they looked dense. These were the SRA's tenement housing projects set, where Ronita would begin her research work.

The houses contained a range of shortcomings; from poor ventilation that resulted in indoor air pollution, the absence of natural sunlight that led to greater energy consumption through artificial lighting and the absence of space for women and children to gather outdoors. In one study, Ronita found that indoor pollution levels in SRA homes were five times over the global standards.

Design solution to reduce indoor air pollution

A data-driven approach requires far more than merely handing out questionnaires. Instead, Ronita and her team work to collect several hours of data, gathered through a series of informal chats and unstructured interviews, while simultaneously monitoring the built environment using a range of environmental sensors. In an effort to examine the conditions of 120 households in Mumbai's chawls, “We stayed in the chawls, imitating the habits of the regular residents,” Ronita says. They placed sensors across the building to measure air quality, using the local mean age (LMA) of air as a parameter. They also considered the orientation and direction of the building, what surrounded it, area, thickness of the walls and the size of the windows.

"We want to develop strategies from these kinds of parameters," says Ronita. By taking into consideration the economic, physical, emotional and interpersonal aspects of the individual's life, the resulting design solution will help move away from the prevailing quantitative approach.

A rise in the incidents of tuberculosis in Mumbai’s rehabilitation projects led to further studies. They found the absence of sunlight allows the microbes to thrive, causing disease. It also led to increased energy consumption.

Gendered cities

In 2018, Ronita's study, published in Habitat International - a Science Direct journal, found gender asymmetries in slum rehabilitation projects in Mumbai. Participants are made to feel at ease through a series of unstructured interviews and it was found that women were now largely confined indoors. Where activities like childcare were once a shared responsibility, the new projects had done away with open, community spaces where women traditionally gathered.

The SRA has done much work to bring people out of slum dwellings. However, "designing houses based on the current policy has knock off effects on health and energy," Ronita explains. "There is no link between design and the actual lived experience. Houses are not just for shelter, they impact every part of our lives," she says.

[caption id="attachment_24294" align="aligncenter" width="567"] Data is gathered through a series of unstructured interviews and monitoring built environment through a range of sensors.[/caption]

Poverty of time

Confined to their homes and burdened entirely with domestic duties, fewer women were going out to find work. The vast socio-economic networks maintained in the old slum dwellings no longer existed without socialising spaces. The green spaces invariably become illegal parking spots, places for hawkers, or even dumping grounds.

"The women would once go out every day to visit neighbours who lived 15 houses away. Now, although that neighbour lives three storeys above, they don't meet for months. If women were spending 90 percent of their time indoors, they are now spending 99 percent," Ronita explains. It is a poverty of time that in turn, leads to fiscal poverty as well.

The quantitative approach

A quantitative approach can easily sideline individual and local needs. “In South Africa, the level of poverty is a lot lower but the problems are more to do with things like drug abuse. You don’t find that in India, especially among the women,” says Ronita. Instead, when she interviewed women in SRA housing in Mumbai, she found they were thrilled to have toilets inside their homes and private indoor spaces. However, there’s still a lot to contend with for authorities and urban planners alike. Ronita is among those calling for demand-driven engineering solutions, with built environments catering to the needs of the individual. It involves trans-disciplinary collaborations to arrive at practical solutions.

A holistic approach and tweaked building by-laws can make a world of difference. “It can be scaled,” Ronita agrees. “Builders should not be granted free land until they comply with the by-laws. These need revision based on contextual factors and should never mention minimum thresholds for set-backs. When compliance is based on a minimum threshold, only the minimum provided. Let's include elements like childcare facilities and socialising spaces within the legal framework,” she adds.

[caption id="attachment_24295" align="aligncenter" width="659"] Ronita with women residents of Mumbai's SRA housing[/caption]

Efficient utilisation of space and energy

When she first began her work in the field, Ronita says cooling units inside people’s homes were a rarity. Today, most have more than one energy-intensive cooling devices. Bills have shot up and with inadequately designed homes, they’re only likely to increase further. “We assume that this demographic doesn’t really consume energy. That is a fallacy,” she says.

For all this, the efficient utilisation of space is paramount. Ronita recalls doing her doctorate at the University of Tokyo, and the 25 sq foot apartment she called home. “The tenements in Mumbai are actually larger but they feel very cramped. Not once during my time in Tokyo did, I feel like I needed more space. It’s all about design. I would wonder if it could be replicated but then, all technology should consider the socio-cultural context within which it is being used."

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Reading Time: 8 mins

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Shreya Thakkar: Using design strategy to create a better future

(December 15, 2022) It's difficult to describe what Shreya Thakkar does, really, and she smiles when I mention it. Her work, as she puts it, lies at the "intersection of research, experience design and strategy." Her work involves a gammut of disciplines, from architecture to making toys from bamboo in Auroville and working on the future of healthcare, ageing and workspaces in Los Angeles, where she now lives. As a design researcher, she "works towards translating complex narratives and research insights into accessible design experiences, services, and products." The 28-year-old industrial designer and researcher has collaborated with a number of design groups including the Planning Design Research Corporation, Neumayr Design and Steelcase Inc, de-coding complex societal problems for innovative product design. Wander on Walker  A Smart Cane that provides ease of mobility to the elderly, the 'Wander on Walker,' was what piqued my interest at first, and when we spoke not long after, Shreya explained that it is part of a ongoing project in the study of ageing. When she moved to the United States for a master's programme at the ArtCentre College of Design, Los Angeles, she was confronted by a rapidly ageing population - according to the United

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ng project in the study of ageing. When she moved to the United States for a master's programme at the ArtCentre College of Design, Los Angeles, she was confronted by a rapidly ageing population - according to the United States Census Bureau, by 2030, when all boomers will be older than 65, senior citizens will make up 21 percent of the population.

Shreya, who had volunteered at old people's homes in LA during her time with furniture manufacturing giant Steelcase, was looking for a thesis project. "I was speaking to older people, listening to their stories, living their life with them and helping them with basic, everyday chores," she told Global Indian. "I was looking at the future of healthcare and the future of ageing." The most common lament was the loss of autonomy. Unlike in India, where tradition calls for a sense of duty and responsibility towards ageing family, senior citizens in the US prefer to live independently, most of them transitioning from larger homes into senior living.

The study of ageing

"The loss of mobility is an issue - they have to plan how to get from point A to point B," Shreya says. One lady, she recalls, tripped on the street and landed on her face. Although senior citizens wear an SOS button, she couldn't reach it until someone passing by helped her. She saw people using their canes and walkers, well-dressed and full of life, despite their circumstances. "They would say, 'I don't know howmany more days I'm going to live but I want to live my full life right now'. They took time to wear bright colours and appreciate their bodies. That really inspired me."

[caption id="attachment_32830" align="alignnone" width="3561"]Shreya Thakkar The Wander On cane and walker prototypes[/caption]

Shreya did her market research, only to find that there was surprisingly little by way of modern innovation for the elderly. It led her to designing the Wander on Walker in 2022, a smart cane that provides mobility assistance, comes with an in-built vibration system and an ambidexterous, anti-slip grip. "I had heard of people losing their canes and wanted to avoid that," Shreya says. The cane can also count the number of steps the person takes and has a light at the top (streetlights are a rarity in LA, the city is designed for cars). It also comes with a GPS location tracker, an SOS button and can track health data through movement.

As an architect-turned-designer, Shreya uses a multi-faceted skill set to take on society's most complex problems, exploring the role of design in envisioning and creating a better future. In the United States, where she moved for a Master's programme at the Art Center College of Design in LA, she was confronted by an ageing society and the many pitfalls that come with it. "How do we as designers design different futures? What scenarios can we create?"

Architecture and environmental design

The 28-year-old was born in Baroda, Gujarat, where she grew up immersed in the town's rich artistic legacy. "I would see people from different art backgrounds around me and my parents also exposed me to a lot of extra curricular activities. That became a major influence in my wanting to study architecture and build environments for other people," she says. She studied architecture and environmental design in India and found her first job with Niki Thomas Architects in Bengaluru, a firm that works mainly on designing for churches. From there, she went to Auroville, South India's Mecca of sustainable, community living, where she learned to build with bamboo and workedon multi-family housing.

"In Auroville, I was actually living a sustainable life," Shreya recalls. "We are truly asking, what is the future of the earth?" It meant giving up all the comforts she was used to at home, and everywhere else, really, and making do with the fact that there were no regular bathrooms. "We had to make compost pits instead," she said. Here, Shreya learned to work with bamboo, starting out with toys and furniture, then progressing to domes. "It was interesting to see how I could combine research and manufacturing knowledge, and how products are built for mass manufacturing."

When she decided to move to LA to study industrial design, her parents weren't happy. "It's not like engineering, where you will be employed and well paid," she explains. Still the chance to study at the ArtCentre College of Design in Pasadena, was too good an opportunity to pass up, it is one of the top institutes in the world for industrial and furniture design. "In India, I studied architecture and environmental design and in LA, the micro and macro of building products."

Shreya Thakkar

Homelessness in LA

Shreya graduated in 2020, "a difficult time," she admits. Jobs were hard to come by and her student debt was mounting. That's when a professor from college hired her to work on his startup, Neumayr Design. Their product was Instatec, a prefabricated, modular wall panel system that addresses a number of housing issues in the US - homelessness in LA, high labour costs and reducing construction waste.

High labour costs were being mitigated by pre-fabricated walls, made in a factory setup. "From there, assembly is very easy. You can build multi-family housing as well, the walls allow you to play with design. We were also looking at how to use deconstructed materials and bring them back into the cycle."

Future of Work and healthcare

During her time at Steelcase, one of the world's largest manufacturers of office furniture, Shreya examined how interior design can affect the way people work. "We were designing small enclaves, inspired by tent architecture, to give people privacy and transport them to a different place, so to speak."

In August 2022, she returned to the issue, working in design strategy and consulting, dealing with the "future of work and healthcare in Fortune 500 companies. What is the future of work after hybrid modes? How do we bring people back to the office, along with wellness and mental health?"

"What I enjoy most is learning about people, their behaviour and their culture and how these things inform design decisions," Shreya remarks. "That's what led me to design research and strategy. I have a lot of interest in people and I like to see how design can impact their lives."

  • Follow Shreya Thakkar's work here 
Story
Prafulla Dhariwal: From child prodigy to the mind behind OpenAI’s GPT-4o

(November 23, 2024) “GPT-4o would not have happened without the vision, talent, conviction, and determination of @prafdhar (Praful Dhariwal) over a long period of time. That (along with the work of many others) led to what I hope will turn out to be a revolution in how we use computers,” tweeted Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI, in a public acknowledgment of the driving force behind one of the most groundbreaking innovations in artificial intelligence. Known for his leadership in the AI revolution, Altman’s words carried immense weight, directing global attention to Prafulla Dhariwal, the man whose ingenuity brought GPT-4o to life in May this year. [caption id="attachment_60524" align="aligncenter" width="464"] Prafulla Dhariwal[/caption] “GPT-4o (o for ‘Omni’) is the first model to come out of the Omni team, OpenAI’s first natively fully multimodal model. This launch was a huge org-wide effort, but I’d like to give a shout out to a few of my awesome team members who made this magical model even possible,” Prafulla had tweeted just days after GPT-4o’s launch. In response, Sam Altman had praised Prafulla’s contributions, while also highlighting the efforts of his team. As a research scientist at OpenAI, Dhariwal has played a significant role in shaping

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magical model even possible,” Prafulla had tweeted just days after GPT-4o’s launch. In response, Sam Altman had praised Prafulla’s contributions, while also highlighting the efforts of his team.

As a research scientist at OpenAI, Dhariwal has played a significant role in shaping the company’s most ambitious projects, including GPT-4o—OpenAI’s first fully multimodal AI system. This revolutionary model is already redefining how humans interact with technology, seamlessly integrating text, images, and other media to unlock unprecedented possibilities. But Dhariwal’s journey to becoming one of AI’s most influential minds is as extraordinary as the technology he has helped create. From his early years as a prodigy in Pune, to his current status as a leading figure in Silicon Valley, Dhariwal’s story is all about brilliance, perseverance, and the relentless pursuit of innovation.

From Pune to MIT

Prafulla’s journey began in the culturally rich city of Pune, where his curiosity for technology was evident at an early age. His parents bought him a computer when he was just one-and-a-half years old, and by the time he was 11, Prafulla had already created his first website. He was even featured by the BBC during his school years, owing to the prodigious talent he displayed as a schoolkid. In a 2014 BBC interview, his mother fondly recalled how young Prafulla would sit with his father, exploring the basics of emails and the internet.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PkSfXaSnl9o

 

This early exposure to technology was complemented by Prafulla’s exceptional academic achievements. In an interview, one of his teachers shared that they often had to give him more advanced math problems, as he quickly solved those typically assigned to children his age.

In 2009, at the age of 12, he won the prestigious National Talent Search Scholarship, a recognition reserved for India’s most promising young minds. That same year, he secured a gold medal at the International Astronomy Olympiad in China. These accolades were just the beginning. By 2012 and 2013, he had added two more gold medals to his name—this time at the International Mathematical Olympiad and the International Physics Olympiad. He got featured in a Pogo ad called ‘Amazing Kid Genius’ and even received a scholarship for a 10-day trip to NASA.

[caption id="attachment_60530" align="aligncenter" width="536"]Indian Techie | Scientist at OpenAI | Global Indian Prafulla wth Dr Abdul Kalam after winning the National Talent Search Scholarship[/caption]

As a gesture of giving back at that tender age, he trained students of Pune for the Indian National Mathematical Olympiad, teaching them algebra, functional equations, inequalities. designed and graded problem sets in number theory, geometry, and combinatorics.

Prafulla’s academic brilliance continued into his high school years at P Jog Junior College in Pune. He scored 295 out of 300 in physics, chemistry, and mathematics (PCM) in Grade 12 and excelled in competitive exams like the Maharashtra Technical Common Entrance Test (MT-CET) and Joint Entrance Exam (JEE-Mains). Clearing JEE-Mains with flying colours, he had his pick of India’s top engineering institutions. However, a scholarship offer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) sealed his decision. As he later admitted, “It was tough to choose between IIT and MIT, but the scholarship made all the difference.”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FVi-W9LP48

Rising through the ranks at OpenAI

While graduating from MIT with a perfect CGPA of 5.0/5.0 in computer science and mathematics, Prafulla Dhariwal gained experience through internships at leading organizations like Pinterest and D.E. Shaw Group. However, the opportunity to join OpenAI in 2016 as a research intern set the stage for his meteoric rise in the field of artificial intelligence. At the end of the internship, he received a pre-placement offer, and has been working at the organization for more than seven years now.

At OpenAI, Prafulla’s initial work focused on generative models and unsupervised learning, areas that would become critical to the development of advanced AI systems. Over the years, he co-created several transformative AI models, including GPT-3: the language model that revolutionized natural language processing, DALL-E 2: a text-to-image platform that showcased AI’s creative potential, Jukebox: a music generator that demonstrated AI’s versatility in art, Glow: a reversible generative model that expanded the horizons of deep learning.

Each of these innovations cemented Prafulla’s reputation as a thought leader in the AI community. But it was GPT-4o, OpenAI’s first natively multimodal model, that truly showcased his vision and technical prowess.

[caption id="attachment_60525" align="aligncenter" width="1024"]Indian Techie | Scientist at OpenAI  | Global Indian Prafulla during his student days in the U.S.[/caption]

GPT-4o: Redefining the future of AI

Launched on May 13, 2024, GPT-4o marked a significant leap in artificial intelligence, offering unprecedented multimodal capabilities. The model enables seamless interaction across text, images, and other media, unlocking new possibilities in fields as diverse as healthcare, education, and entertainment. Prafulla’s leadership was instrumental in shaping the model’s development, ensuring it not only pushed technological boundaries but also adhered to ethical principles.

As Prafulla explained in a recent interview, “AI’s true power lies not just in what it can do but in how responsibly it’s used. With GPT-4o, we wanted to create a tool that empowers people while maintaining transparency and trust.”

The impact of GPT-4o has been manganous. From assisting doctors in diagnosing complex medical conditions to enabling visually impaired individuals to interact with digital content more intuitively, the model has demonstrated how AI can enhance human capabilities rather than replace them. Businesses, too, have embraced the technology, using it to streamline workflows, create personalized content, and gain deeper insights into customer behaviour.

Indian Techie | Prafulla Dhariwal | Global Indian

 

Inspiring the next generation as an AI specialist

Prafulla Dhariwal is part of a growing cohort of Indian-origin scientists making waves in artificial intelligence. These trailblazers share a common thread: a commitment to advancing AI in ways that are both innovative and ethical. Their work reflects India’s long-standing tradition of excellence in mathematics, engineering, and computer science, fields that have produced luminaries like Srinivasa Ramanujan and Homi Bhabha.

For aspiring scientists, Dhariwal’s story is a powerful reminder of what can be achieved through passion, hard work, and a willingness to embrace challenges. From creating his first website as a child to leading the development of one of the most advanced AI models in history, Prafulla Dhariwal’s Global Indian journey depicts the power of dedication and determination.

Indian Techie | Prafulla Dhariwal | Global Indian

As AI continues to evolve, the world will undoubtedly witness more groundbreaking innovations. For Dhariwal too, the journey is far from over. As he looks to the future, he remains focused on one guiding principle: using AI to make the world a better place. And in his own words, “The best AI is not just intelligent; it’s human-centered. That’s what I strive for.”

  • Follow Prafulla Dhariwal on LinkedIn

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About Global Indian

Global Indian – a Hero’s Journey is an online publication which showcases the journeys of Indians who went abroad and have had an impact on India. 

These journeys are meant to inspire and motivate the youth to aspire to go beyond where they were born in a spirit of adventure and discovery and return home with news ideas, capital or network that has an impact in some way for India.

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