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Global IndianstoryKaushik Kumar: The Forbes 30 Under 30 empowering content creators
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Kaushik Kumar: The Forbes 30 Under 30 empowering content creators

Written by: Darshana Ramdev

(May 21, 2024) In January 2022, when Kaushik Kumar received a phone call from Forbes magazine, he thought it was a scam. They asked him to fill out a form, which he ignored, until he received an email. This time, he filled the form and didn’t hear anything after that, until he received a text message from a friend saying congratulations. He had made it to the coveted Forbes 30 Under 30 list for 2022 in Media, Marketing and Advertising. He runs two businesses – Dark Matter, which does content creation for businesses and Dark Spaces (which was featured on Forbes), a high-tech studio space that businesses and content creators can rent by the hour. “Someone somewhere had put in a nomination for me,” Kaushik tells Global Indian.

Empowering content creators

What’s special about a studio space? The world is full of content creators, hoping to be on Instagram and YouTube, all of whom learn very quickly that it’s very hard to do. It requires the right lighting, the right camera equipment and high-end microphones and most importantly, a space free of interruption and external sounds, which also has a pleasing backdrop. Kaushik had discovered this for himself when he and a friend decided to do a video a week for 52 weeks. He was working at a co-working space in those days and the two of them went location scouting to coffee shops and clubs. “Nothing was working,” he says. “You end up carrying all the gear with you and spend ages setting up, only to have people walking in and out. And you’re constantly on edge, worrying about who’s walking past or who is going to knock on the door.”

Kaushik Kumar

When he asked around, he found lots of people had similar issues. “At home, the background isn’t always the best, or the kids are going to make noise. Or, you dn’t have the best equipment and will end up with a video that’s not the best representation of the business.” Kaushik put out a question on social media, asking if people would be interested in a studio space they could rent and received a flood of responses immediately. That’s how Dark Matter started up in 2021, with two backdrops, a couple of lights and a cyclorama wall (a background device used to cover the back and sides of a stage, used with special lighting to create the ilusion of a much larger space, or of the sky).

“People come in, test it out and try the equipment,” says Kaushik. Aspiring content creators are also taught how to use the equipment in the room. “We might only see them a handful of times, they tend to go on and set up their own studios and offices. People come here to see how it works for them and if it’s worthwhile to go and invest in the equipment.” It was a huge gap in the middlemarket, Kaushik says, that he entered.

“People don’t have the equipment but they also want to do it themselves.” His other business, Dark Spaces, actually does content creation for businesses on a subscription model. “They come to us and sign up for a quarter at a time, so we create videos, audio, text, graphics and things to help them build authority and brand awareness. The more someone is seen and heard, the more likely you are to be perceived as an authority.”

Growing up in the sugarcane fields of Fiji

Kaushik was born in Fiji, as part of the Indian diaspora in the South Pacific islands. When he arrived for the interview, he was concerned that he might not fit the bill as an ‘Indian’, per se. His grandfather, Kaushik says, is the son of a girmitya – his greatgrandparents had arrived there on British ships. “My maternal grandfather is still a sugarcane farmer, even at the age of 75,” he smiles. His great grandparents had arrived in Fiji at the turn of the 20th century, part of a group of around a million, mostly uneducated Indians who sailed across the ‘kala paani’ or black waters, on the agreement (girmit, they pronounced it) of  decent pay and a better life. They became known over the years as girmityas. They had been taken there to tend to the British-ruled plantations, to fill the shortage labour supply caused by the abolition of slavery. Many had no idea how far they were going, or that they would never return to their homelands again.

“A whole culture has evolved there,” Kaushik says. “We speak a dialect that is a mixture of North Indian and South Indian languages, Bihari and Nepali. Our accent is very different and the food is not what you would expect from India. But our connection to the country remains strong – even if we speak a different dialect, we follow Hinduism.” These Indo Fijians now make up 50 percent of the population, comprising Hindus, Muslims and Buddhists. “It’s all very Indian – you walk down the street and you will find Indian food, clothing and sweets.

Growing up there, Kaushik and his brother spent most of their time outdoors, playing with their cousins, exploring the farm and swimming in lakes. “It was all very communal, you grow up together, get to know each other. It’s a different kind of bond, we could disappear for two or three hours, go home for food and run back out.” When the family moved to New Zealand, life changed. They had no family there, and Kaushik and his brother kept to themselves, staying mostly at home.

Striking out as an entrepreneur

Kaushik was always creative and wanted to study graphic design at university. However, when he received a scholarshiop to study engineering, he took it, obtaining a Bachelor of Civil Engineering in 2017. He started working for a couple of different firms and realised it wasn’t really for him, he didn’t enjoy office life. So, when his contract expired in July 2018, he decided to do something else with his life.

With a few thousands dollars in his bank account, Kaushik bought himself a $700 camera and began honing his skills as a videographer. It was part of his lineage, he says. “My grandfather would do a lot of wedding videos in Fiji, as well as music mixing and things like that. I have a cousin in Auckland who is a full-time photographer, as was my father for a while.” The transition felt natural. That’s how he went on to set up Dark Matter, and enter the content creator space.

The pandemic boom

“We’re coming up to our fourth year now,” says Kaushik, who admits the pandemic was his saving grace. “It really accelerated the shift for small to medium businesses. Christchurch is a small-ish place and people hadn’t really taken to the idea of digital marketing before 2020. They had no need, really, to embrace it. Instead, the culture of doing business depended on building longterm relationships, of meeting people over a cup of coffee and striking a connection.

“The first few months were tough on everyone but they learned how important it was to be online. They saw that you don’t need to speak only to one person at a time. You speak to thousands through a single video. That was a gamechanger.” Now he’s well-known in the Otautahi content creator community and his reputation only grew when he made it to the Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia list.

Kaushik’s entrepreneurial journey demonstrates the power of innovation and adaptability in addressing market needs. By bridging the gap in the content creation industry, he has found success and earned recognition, serving as a testament to the limitless possibilities that await those who dare to take risks and follow their passions.

  • Follow Kaushik on LinkedIn.
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  • Content Creators
  • Dark Matter
  • Dark Spaces New Zealand
  • Forbes 30 Under 30
  • Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia - Media and Marketing
  • girmitya
  • Indian Diaspora
  • Indians in Fiji
  • Indians in New Zealand

Published on 21, May 2024

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Chanel No 1: An inside take on the life and career of HR pundit Leena Nair, who became the CEO of a global luxury brand

(July 4, 2022) Leena Nair's 30-year career has been dotted with many firsts. In 2021, she made headlines around the world when she was appointed the Global CEO of French ultra-luxury lifestyle brand Chanel, the first woman of colour in the post. The appointment came as a surprise to many, for Nair had had no exposure to the fashion industry whatsoever.   Her move to Chanel marked the culmination of her three-decades-long association with Hindustan Unilever, where she had become the company's "youngest ever, first female, first Asian" chief human-resources officer in 2016. Global Indian turns its spotlight on the business diva who was named by Queen Elizabeth II as one of the most accomplished Indian Business Leaders in the UK, a title she cherishes.  [caption id="attachment_26524" align="aligncenter" width="760"] Leena Nair, Global CEO, Chanel[/caption]   The Kolhapur connection  From heading a global fashion brand with no prior experiences, to going where few women dared at her time in HUL and surviving the 26/11 terror attack at the Taj Hotel in Mumbai, Nair's life is the stuff of legend.   Even so, she remains a Kolhapuri at heart, "right from the food I eat to everything else," the business diva said, addressing students

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The Kolhapur connection 

From heading a global fashion brand with no prior experiences, to going where few women dared at her time in HUL and surviving the 26/11 terror attack at the Taj Hotel in Mumbai, Nair's life is the stuff of legend.  

Even so, she remains a Kolhapuri at heart, "right from the food I eat to everything else," the business diva said, addressing students in her hometown's Shanti Niketan school. Occupying pride of place in her CV is her dancing talents - she's the 'best Bollywood dancer in London,' Nair has mentioned there.  

Leena Nair | Indian CEO | Global Indian

Few could have imagined that a small-town girl, born and raised in Kolhapur, Maharashtra, would go on to such a glittering career. In 1992, however, she joined Unilever as a management trainee, going on to become chief human-resources officer in 2016. She was also the first woman to be in the organisation's management committee.

"Human capital is as important as financial capital. Putting human resources at the top table has real business benefits."  - Leena Nair

Her early days in the company were spent on the factory floor and in working nights, both largely male domains. Women were a rare sight inside the factory and more so on the night shifts. "Often when I went to the factories, there was never a loo for ladies because nobody had imagined a woman would come to their factory, and my first job would always be there to ensure that they built a toilet that I could use. Jokingly, all these loos that were built were called 'Leena's Loos," said the CEO in an interview. 

She's never been one to shy away from a challenge. She has worked at HUL's factories in Taloja (Maharashtra), Kolkata (West Bengal), and Ambattur (Tamil Nadu). She said, of the experiences, in an interview, “Put your hand up for the jobs which are tough but will give you experiences others can’t match. And always think more about how you can contribute rather than what your position or job is.”

[caption id="attachment_26532" align="aligncenter" width="666"]Leena Nair | Indian CEO | Global Indian Leena Nair with Indra Nooyi, former PepsiCo CEO whom she calls friend and mentor[/caption]

Objective and purpose in student days  

As the name suggests, Nair’s hometown, Kolhapur, is famous for its braided and hand-crafted leather slippers, the Kolhapuri chappal. The town received the Geographical Indication designation in 2019. She was born in the city and studied in Holy Cross Convent High School, the only school for girls at that time. Hers was even the first batch to take the class X board exams. She joined The New College Kolhapur and had to ride a bicycle for 12 kms every day to attend classes.   

Nair went on to study electronics and telecommunication engineering at Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli (Maharashtra) where there were just 18 girls in a student body comprising 3,000 boys pursuing their degree. Always a hardworking student, she passed out with a gold medal from XLRI – Xavier School of Management Jamshedpur (1990 – 1992) in human resource management.   

Leena Nair | Indian CEO | Global Indian

 

Nair grew up having lots of norms, taboos and barriers around her about what girls can do and can’t do. Her objective at that time was just to get educated. One of the lessons that she learned from life comes from there.

She told school students of her hometown in one of her visits:

“It is very important to dream big. Do not let others tell you, rather you determine how big your dreams should be. Don’t get discouraged if people doubt your abilities, because if I would have, I would have not reached where I am."  

Going by instincts  

After passing out of her engineering college, while she loved the intellectual challenge of engineering, she didn’t enjoy working as an engineer. It was a professor, whom she calls her mentor, who identified her talent for dealing with people.  

She told her father she had an interest in human resources, much to his disappointment. He couldn’t understand why an engineer would go into a “back-office function” like HR. But she was keen on taking it up and followed her instincts, which led Nair to her true purpose. “From day one, I felt that it totally makes sense to me,” she remarked in an interview.  

The instinctive leader has had an excellent track record in managing the human capital of Unilever, which operates across multiple regulatory and labour environments spread over 190 countries. Nair is a strong believer of compassionate leadership and human-centred workplaces. While taking the challenges of her role in her stride since the early days of her career, she has become who she is now.  

Leena Nair | Indian CEO | Global Indian

In her tenure of heading the diversity and inclusion agenda for the organisation, Unilever got recognised as number one FMCG graduate employer of choice in 54 countries.   

Charisma all along  

Her recent appointment in one of Europe’s biggest brands is a jubilant affair in India for two reasons – It is being considered as a strong step towards rise of Indian woman’s stature on a global platform. Secondly, it has added further sheen to the constellation of Indian-origin business stars who are heading multinationals around the globe.   

Nair is not an elusive leader, rather an active voice on social media so much that she has been recognised as the top voice of LinkedIn in 2020. While she considers Indra Nooyi, former PepsiCo CEO her role model, she is no lesser a role-model herself and has been aptly awarded the ‘Great British Businesswoman Role Model’ award.  

[caption id="attachment_26530" align="aligncenter" width="721"]Leena Nair | Indian CEO | Global Indian Leena Nair with Bollywood actress, Deepika Padukone[/caption]

Biggest leadership lessons while being stuck in Taj on 26/11  

Whenever she recounts the horrors of those nights in November 2011, Nair never fails to mention the courage shown by Mallika Jagad. The 24-year-old staff-in-charge had been tasked with taking care of the 10-member Unilever team on that fateful night of November 26. Nair recalls being trapped there with her husband and her colleagues, amidst gunshots, screams, the constant smoke and debris falling all around them.  

“Nothing in her training had ever taught her what to do if terrorists started attacking,” Nair often says. Even then, the young woman had been strikingly calm and composed, constantly available to support the guests in whatever way she could. She even informed her worried mother over the phone call, saying she wasn’t inside the hotel but safe and sound elsewhere, to dissuade her from calling again.  

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQ2811Xaymk

Mallika’s fortitude in the face of extreme danger, coupled with her youth and lack of experience, left an indelible impression on Nair, opening her up to a different dimension of leadership. She loves to repeat Mallika’s words from the following morning, during the rescue operation, gentle but firm: "Guests first, staff next and me last.” In that night of horrors, Leena Nair experienced an excellent example of situational leadership shown by the staff at the Taj, and that it’s up to an individual to become a leader if one wants to, using the lesson learned as an anecdote in her elevating speeches. The global business diva, wife and mother of two was also able to realize from that night’s uncertainty that life is a gift and we should live it with focus on our purpose.  

Do you know?  

  • Leena Nair writes a gratitude journal every night and does a 20-minute meditation practice every morning to keep her life balanced.  
  • Walking, running and dancing are part of her regimen as she believes that reconnecting with one’s passions is important to keep going.  
  • Nair loves listening to Oprah Winfrey’s podcasts because she identifies with what Oprah says about purpose.  
  • She tries to learn one new thing every year like how to play the keyboard or how to converse in Spanish.  
  • She believes in the power of mentors and just reaches out to people who inspire her. Apart from Indra Nooyi, and a couple of her college professors, Nair considers Sara Matthew, former CEO of Dun and Bradstreet, Niall FitzGerald, and John Stewart from Unilever as her mentors.  

Follow Leena Nair on LinkedIn, Twitter and Instagram 

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Aakarsh Shamanur: Empowering street vendors through solar-powered lighting solutions

(April 25, 2024) Strolling through the winding bylanes of Davangere alongside his grandfather, Aakarsh Shamanur fondly remembers marvelling at the old buildings. It was his fascination with Lego blocks that shaped his journey to becoming an architect. But his grandfather had different aspirations, he wanted him to work for the downtrodden. A few decades later, Aakarsh, now established in his profession as an architect, started the BePolite initiative to help empower the lives of street vendors through solar-powered lighting solutions. "I wanted to give back to the community, and having worked in the solar power sector in Europe, I realised the need for energy access in India," Aakarsh tells Global Indian. [caption id="attachment_50972" align="aligncenter" width="526"] Aakarsh Shamanur[/caption] The 35-year-old made the bold decision of quitting his job in Europe to return to India to pursue his calling. "My grandfather's vision got entwined with Gandhi's talisman - 'When you are in doubt if the decision positively impacts the poor and the weakest, then it's a good decision.' I knew I was headed in the right direction," says Aakarsh, who has illuminated the lives of 450 street vendors till now with his solar-powered solutions. The building blocks Playing with Lego blocks while

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bt if the decision positively impacts the poor and the weakest, then it's a good decision.' I knew I was headed in the right direction," says Aakarsh, who has illuminated the lives of 450 street vendors till now with his solar-powered solutions.

The building blocks

Playing with Lego blocks while growing up sparked an interest in architecture for Aakarsh, alongside a natural knack for improving infrastructure. Years later, he enrolled himself in RV College of Architecture on merit. "My tuition fee was paid by the government due to my merit-based seat." However, a turning point occurred during a college event when the chief guest made a thought-provoking remark that struck a chord with Aakarsh. "He said whoever received their education through tax-payers money has a responsibility to give back to the community." This inspired Aakarsh, leading him to start the BePolite initiative which he says is his "way of giving back to the community every Diwali."

Aakarsha Shamanur | Global Indian

However, before realising his dream, he took a flight to the Netherlands to pursue his master's in Urban Management and Development at Erasmus University. Those years proved formative, shaping him into the person he is today, and he credits the flat hierarchy in the Netherlands for it. "Regardless of your position, whether at work or university, everyone values your opinion. They emphasise teamwork and consensus building," he says. While working on projects in solar power space in Europe, a short trip to India made him realise that renewable energy is the need of the hour. "In developed countries, solar power is used more for recreational purposes. We used to power music concerts using solar power, but back home, the same solution could power an entire village."

Giving hope to street vendors

Armed with ideas and enthusiasm, he returned to Bengaluru but soon realised that the solutions needed to be tailored to local needs. For this, he spent three months in a village to understand the problems at the grassroots level. Acknowledging the need for energy access and the growing trend of urbanisation, he saw people moving from rural areas to cities in search of better opportunities. "Most end up becoming street vendors as it's the easiest option. Seeing their challenges, I decided to help by providing them with clean, sustainable lighting solutions that don't have a recurring cost every month associated with gas lights or candles. A solar product would be a good fit to reduce the operational costs every month," explains Aakarsh. Under the BePolite initiative, he started by providing solar lights to street vendors, enabling them to continue their sales even after sunset. What started with lighting eventually became a marketplace with more solutions where he integrated mobile charging and later did a pilot project for refrigeration as well. "There are multiple layers to the initiative. However, sustainability and inclusivity are the keywords that govern the entire initiative."

How it began

Growing up, Diwali was a traumatic time for Aakarsh who had asthma. "I would urge people to not burst crackers but it often fell on deaf ears. Soon I realised until you offer an alternative, you are not solving the issue. That's how the idea of gifting a light on Diwali came up." It was during Diwali 2018 that BePolite (portable light) did their pilot project in Bengaluru and soon started getting inquiries from Tier 2 cities expressing their interest in solar lights. "Initially, the lights were provided free of cost but now we charge 10 percent from the vendors. The light costs ₹3000 and we charge ₹500 from the vendors, which comes with a one-year warranty," informs Aakarsh who turned to crowdfunding for raising funds. "It removes the inhibition of asking somebody to fund the initiative. Moreover, it helps reach out to a larger audience. In just a week, we raised ₹3 lakh."

So, what sets their solar light apart from others available in the market? Akarsh highlights the superior quality of the light, encased in aluminium for durability. "When the vendors no longer need them, they can still get some scrap value." Made in India, these lights are a little more expensive than their Chinese counterparts and boast a lifespan of three years. After that, they can be sent for servicing and refurbishing, thus extending their usability. "This way we also save them from reaching the landfill at an early stage," says Aakarsh, who is piloting a powered umbrella this year which serves a dual purpose. "Keeping in mind the heatwave, vendors can use the umbrella for shade during the day, and the light can be used during the night."

Expanding its reach

Consistency is paramount for Aakarsh, irrespective of the quantum of the output. "Even if we are reaching out to 10-20 vendors every year, it's equally critical as we are staying consistent and making things happen," says the man who supplied lights to Dell last year for a CSR initiative, distributing them to tribal students in the forest areas outside Bengaluru. Till now, they have distributed solar lights in Tamil Nadu, Kolkata, and Karnataka. "In Chennai, we gave the lights to fish vendors at Marina Beach."

Aakarsh is happy that the BePolite initiative has brought dignity to the lives of street vendors, as he now observes an increased level of trust between street vendors and customers due to better quality of lighting. "Now the customers believe that the products sold to them are of good quality. Moreover, many vendors send the light to their kids in villages during their exams, thus prioritising the use of the light according to their convenience," says Aakarsh.

Each year around Diwali, the BePolite initiative takes centre stage, sometimes extending up to Christmas, depending on the interest. Aakarsh plans to draw the government's attention to the necessity of providing basic infrastructure to street vendors. "The ultimate goal is to switch towards vending zones. It can also become a platform of positive giving where people gift items to the needy - be it an umbrella or blanket," signs off Aakarsh.

  • Follow Aakarsh Shamanur on LinkedIn
  • Follow BePolite on Instagram

 

 

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Ankur Tewari: The man behind the music for Gully Boy and The Archies

(June 26, 2024) Singer-songwriter, music supervisor for Bollywood films (Gully Boy, Gehraiyaan and The Archies and Coke Studio Bharat), poet, lyricist, label and music entrepreneur, Ankur Tewari wears many hats. In 2023, he released his album Akela, launched a new record label Tiger Baby Records, released a children’s music EP Aaja Nindiya, worked on Coke Studio Bharat and more. Early life in Roorkee Tewari grew up in small, university town of Roorkee, which is a university town. His father was a professor in the university and his growing up years were spent on campus so there was a lot of interaction with young students, listening to the music they were playing, playing games and sports as they were playing games, sports and growing up in the world of mix tapes. While Tewari did not receive formal training, music, he tells Global Indian, "was an interesting way to get attention when you were in school, and it was also because I started writing songs very early when I was in school. At that time, songs were just about some random rhymes put together but I soon discovered that you could tell your stories through songs." He began creating more lyrics, and

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e, songs were just about some random rhymes put together but I soon discovered that you could tell your stories through songs." He began creating more lyrics, and would get together with his friends to make music and write songs. “It was just a way to hang out together,” he reminisces.

[caption id="attachment_52672" align="aligncenter" width="423"]Ankur Tewari | Gully Boy | Global Indian Ankur Tewari; Photo: Prarthna Singh[/caption]

Musical Journey

One of his first career milestones came when he worked with Colonel RK Kapoor (Fauji-fame) who gave him his first break with Ek Aur Fauji. “I worked on my first movie project Let’s Enjoy, as a director with Siddarth Anand Kumar. I wrote the song ‘Sabse peeche hum khade’ which got a lot of interesting attention. So that was very interesting for me as a musician and singer,” he says. And apart from that, it’s been a slow and steady journey from his first album Jannat to the second album, Side A/ Side B, and ultimately to working on Zoya Akhtar’s Gully Boy, for which he received a Filmfare Award. Then came The Archies and Kho Gaye Hum Kahaan. He went on to work on his own music and released his album, Akela, last year and started a music label, Tiger Baby Records, where he could kind of make place for younger artists.

Pandemic Cues

Part of the Indian independent music scene since 1998, Tewari has always multi-tasked in the world of music. Akela was an album that came out of the panic of the lockdown. “It was like everything you had achieved and secured, everything that was finally going right, toppled. I came face-to-face with a feeling of loneliness and insecurity. And that was the impulse for writing Akela,” Tewari explains. During the pandemic, he wrote the songs and began designing the palette for the album.

Tewari admits he likes leaving Easter eggs in all his works, to remind himself of that time. “So the songs that I wrote in 1998, if I sing them now, those images and visuals, people, places come rushing to me. It’s like a timeline of my life. My work is my autobiography. Similarly, Akela will always bring me back to 2020, and how I felt,” he avers.

Ankur Tewari | Gully Boy | Global Indian

Life Mantra

Away from the arts, Ankur has offered his time to several NGOs and non-profit organizations. “People, incidents, failures are all what motivate me to learn new and better ways to deal with life. A big motivation factor is that life comes full circle for people, and you crave for that to happen for you, in what you’re doing, in whatever is happening in your life.  My advice would be not to take advice from anyone, and just follow your heart because somewhere in your gut you know what is correct for you,” he says.

For him, many times the best way to overcome challenges is to try and convert all your challenges to your work. “Write songs about it, write stories about it. Try and see if you can really get to the root of what you really want to know and how you want to, you want to tackle it and recalibrate yourself to address the same issues facing you,” he adds.

Immersed in Music

Tewari also says that he does not like having free time. “For me, my work doesn’t feel like work, so I kind of find a lot of peace in music. I try to immerse myself in the world of music as much as I can. At the same time, I love travelling and meeting new people, I love reading. Books are my constant companion so reading and plotting songs while I’m reading is my favourite pastime,” he says.

Likewise, he believes that you learn every day. “I have never been to film school or music school, so every time you do a project you learn something new. You learn about people, you learn about human relationships, human behaviour which is kind of amusing as well. You try and learn every day and unlearn every day,” Tewari remarks.

Ankur Tewari is toured the US in April 2024, and excited to reach out to a new audience. “I don’t think too far ahead into the future, it’s not something that excites me. All I know is that I’m interested in working on projects that can reach a global audience,” he signs off.

  • Follow Ankur Tewari on Instagram.
Story
Bantval Jayant Baliga: Man with the world’s largest negative carbon footprint wins Millennium Technology Prize

(October 4, 2024) Imagine a world where energy flows seamlessly - powering your home, car, and even life-saving medical devices - with minimal environmental impact. This isn’t science fiction. It’s the legacy of one man’s invention, an invention that has saved the world over $15 trillion in costs and reduced carbon emissions by the equivalent of three years of human activity. The mastermind behind this global transformation is Bantval Jayant Baliga. The Indian-origin scientist's groundbreaking invention of the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) has reshaped industries and influenced millions of lives worldwide. In 2024, Professor Baliga stands at the brink of yet another milestone in his life. "This award comes at the culmination of my career, so the timing is perfect. It’s a flattering recognition of my work," remarked Bantval Jayant Baliga, an inventor, entrepreneur, and emeritus professor at North Carolina State University, following the announcement of his name for the 2024 Millennium Technology Prize. Awarded by the Technology Academy Finland, the prize comes with a €1 million reward, honouring innovations that have positively impacted millions of lives. Baliga will officially receive the award on October 30 in Finland from Finnish President Alexander Stubb. The inventor, who was named by

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ctober 30 in Finland from Finnish President Alexander Stubb.

The inventor, who was named by Forbes as the person with the world's largest negative carbon footprint when inducted into the Inventors Hall of Fame in 2016, now joins a distinguished list of Millennium Technology Prize laureates, including Tim Berners-Lee, creator of the World Wide Web, who was the first recipient in 2004.

[caption id="attachment_57340" align="aligncenter" width="700"]Indian Scientist | Bantval Jayant Baliga | Global Indian Bantval Jayant Baliga[/caption]

An alumnus of IIT Madras, Professor Baliga has 36 years of academic experience and holds 120 U.S. patents, many of which he has successfully commercialised through four startups based in North Carolina.

When I came to the United States, I arrived as a 20-year-old with a dream of creating technology that would benefit humanity. I feel my dream has been fulfilled beyond my wildest expectations.

Professor Bantval Jayant Baliga said reflecting upon his journey

Helped save trillions of dollars

The 76-year-old electrical engineer's groundbreaking invention, the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) is a semiconductor power switch that has decreased gasoline consumption by 10% and enhanced electrical energy efficiency by over 40%. This small chip, which regulates energy usage, is utilised in a variety of applications, including household appliances (from light bulbs to air conditioners and refrigerators), industrial products, automobiles (including electric vehicles and bullet trains), and renewable energy generation systems. IGBT is also a vital component in medical devices like compact cardiac defibrillators, playing a crucial role in saving lives globally.

It has generated over $15 trillion in cost savings for consumers and has laid the foundation for the smart grid. A smart grid is an advanced electrical network that uses digital technology to monitor, manage, and optimise the distribution of electricity efficiently. It enables the integration of renewable energy sources, enhances reliability, and reduces energy waste.

[caption id="attachment_57342" align="aligncenter" width="764"]Indian Scientist | Bantval Jayant Baliga | Global Indian Bantval Jayant Baliga[/caption]

Describing the energy-saving impact of IGBT, Baliga stated:

It adds up to over 180 trillion pounds of carbon dioxide over the last 30 years. That is as much carbon dioxide as human activity generates in three years.

Since its introduction, the IGBT has significantly reduced environmental pollution and saved consumers an estimated $36.5 trillion by cutting gasoline consumption by over 1.79 trillion gallons and reducing electricity usage by more than 133,000 terawatt-hours. 

It has not just improved energy efficiency but has reduced pollution, and has lowered global carbon dioxide emissions by over 82 gigatons. Its impact on energy consumption over the past three decades has made a substantial contribution to environmental sustainability globally. Professor Baliga has received numerous awards and accolades for his invention.

[caption id="attachment_57334" align="aligncenter" width="641"]Indian Scientist | Baliga with Obama | Global Indian Prof Baliga received National Medal of Technology from US President Obama[/caption]

It all started when...

In 1974, when Baliga joined General Electric’s Research and Development Center as an engineer in the US, he and his colleagues faced a significant challenge. One of the company's vice presidents tasked them with developing a new technology that would be "better than all the existing technology they were using at the time." Baliga recalled, “Within a month of his request, I put together the patent disclosure for creating the IGBT.”

Baliga invented a new high-voltage transistor that, for the first time, utilised a metal oxide semiconductor gate region to control a bipolar current within a single device. This three-terminal power semiconductor device combined high efficiency with fast switching capabilities. Today, the IGBT is manufactured worldwide and controls the flow of power from electrical energy sources to various applications that require energy.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hks2RuIA2do

An impactful, multidimensional career

After spending 15 years at the General Electric Research and Development Center in Schenectady, New York, Bantval Jayant Baliga joined North Carolina State University in 1988 as a professor of electrical engineering and was promoted to Distinguished University Professor in 1997, and is still associated with the academic institution. He has also founded four startups that produce products based on semiconductor technologies.

Among his several innovations is the GDMOSFET transistor, which is manufactured worldwide for low-voltage applications in computers, data centres, and automotive electronics. Baliga's accolades include the 2011 National Medal of Technology and the 2014 IEEE Medal of Honor.

Due to the significant impact of his work on energy consumption, it has been suggested that Baliga possesses the smallest carbon footprint in the world. However, he has a different perspective:

Many people can claim to have a zero-carbon footprint. I believe that it’s more accurate to say that I have the largest negative carbon footprint in the world.

 Professor Baliga remarked

The impact of his inventions is expected to grow exponentially, as the IGBT is an essential component for the deployment of electric vehicles and the generation of renewable energy, both crucial in combating climate change.

[caption id="attachment_57333" align="aligncenter" width="488"]Indian Scientist | Bantval Jayant Baliga | global Indian Professor Bantval Jayant Baliga[/caption]

Influences that shaped the innovator

In a recent interview, Baliga credited his education at IIT Madras for shaping his career and contributing to his many successes. He also shared how his father, Bantval Vittal Baliga, influenced his path. His father was the first chief engineer of All India Radio after Independence and played an important role in establishing the Indian branch of the Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE), which later merged to form IEEE. “I grew up reading articles by influential engineers who won IEEE medals of honour. Now that I have received the IEEE medal myself, it’s an incredible honour to be part of that group,” he remarked.

Baliga described his father, a well-known electrical engineer, as a significant inspiration in his life. “My father was a very big inspiration,” he shared. “But I wanted to get out of his shadow and make my own mark in the world.”

He lived in Delhi until the age of 10 before moving to Bengaluru, where he attended Bishop Cotton Boys’ School. He went on to pursue electrical engineering at IIT Madras. After completing his undergraduate studies, Baliga moved to the United States in 1969 to pursue a master’s and PhD at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York. "In 1969, the Indian government only allowed us to carry $10 due to limited foreign reserves. It was my first trip out of India, and I had never seen snow before,” he recalled. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YkvrcXF9ooE

 

Bantval Jayant Baliga’s journey from India to becoming a globally recognised inventor in the U.S. highlights how Indian education and values, when combined with international exposure, can provide a solid foundation for groundbreaking contributions to science and technology, shaping industries and positively impacting millions of lives worldwide.

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Dr Namit Choksi: Revolutionising public health management through AI, policy

(June 3, 2022) A "true-blue Mumbaikar" by his own description, Schwarzman Scholar and public health expert Dr Namit Choksi sees himself running for office one day, bridging gaps in healthcare access and policy. With an MD from India, he went on to pursue his medical clerkships at Johns Hopkins, did a master’s degree in public health from Harvard and graduated from Tsinghua University as a Schwarzman Scholar in 2019. At Harvard, he helped launch a low-cost medical device in India, which received recognition from the World Bank. In 2020 and 2021, Namit worked closely with Indian government and stayed in touch with the WHO Chief Scientist Dr Soumya Swaminathan while serving on the front lines of the pandemic. Now heading India and APAC growth strategy for Perfect Day, a US-based startup, Namit's career has had its crests and troughs. "Eventually, if you're honest, you will shine," he says, in an interview with Global Indian. "My experiences have shaped me. If it wasn't for them, I would have been a doctor sitting in some corner of India." [caption id="attachment_25287" align="aligncenter" width="370"] Dr Namit Choksi[/caption] Of crisis and transformation  "There's a whole lot more to racing than just winning." A line from a

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287" align="aligncenter" width="370"] Dr Namit Choksi[/caption]

Of crisis and transformation 

"There's a whole lot more to racing than just winning." A line from a children's movie Cars became a turning point in Namit’s life. Just out of medical school, he was going through a "tough six months" back home in Mumbai. "I had lost faith in myself," he says. After years of hard work - he recalls eighteen-hour days spent "living at the library" as he prepared for his entrance exam - even a single failure was a huge blow.

Then one fateful day, his sister walked in to his room, quoting Tex Dinoco, the 1975 Cadillac Coupe de Ville in the film Cars. Years later, as he arrived at the interview round as an aspiring Schwarzman Scholar, he took from his pocket (surprising even the formidable jury panel that included the then CIA director), a Tex toy, saying, "There's a whole lot more to racing than just winning."

"That quote had a huge impact on me," he says. "I started applying to colleges in the US and I got into Harvard, Yale and the other Ivy Leagues with scholarships." Namit picked Harvard, where he studied public health policy and management. It was a calculated choice - although he enjoyed clinical medicine, he "felt restricted within a hospital. I wanted to create an impact that scaled beyond being a doctor, although that is an incredible profession in itself."

[caption id="attachment_25288" align="aligncenter" width="282"] Namit with Mukesh Ambani[/caption]

Backed by an encouraging dean, Namit was selected as a student leader in Pune and shared the stage with the Dalai Lama and Congress leader Shashi Tharoor. He was also part of the G20 Youth Summit held in Petersburgh, during his time as youth advisor to then Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, where he was given the chance to submit policy recommendations and serve as the head of state for India. As part of the global youth diplomatic forum, he trained with ambassadors and even shadowed David Cameron, who was Prime Minister of the UK at the time. "We dealt with issues like women in conflict and medical conflicts."

Harvard calling 

'Fail'. It's the point of no-return, usually, for students looking to be in Ivy League colleges. And as Namit struggled to find faith in himself after being failed in one subject in medical school, he found no lack of naysayers telling him to aim lower and stick with tier 2 universities. He refused to entertain the thought: It was to be Ivy League or nothing. What followed is, perhaps, an indication of many differences between the education systems in India and the United States. "At Harvard, I wasn't held back by an ‘F’. I was asked to explain why it happened," he said.

At Harvard, he helped design a cost-effective solution for bacterial vaginosis, a project he says has huge potential socially. “It’s often mistaken for an STD, especially in developing countries and is often a cause for domestic violence,” Namit says. “The spouse also requires treatment, which is rarely sought.”


Namit with Alphabet Inc. CEO Sundar Pichai

He also continued to work with the Indian government - the Ministry of Railways – where he worked with former railways minister Suresh Prabhu on the 'Lifeline Express' - India's first hospital train. "It was a huge learning experience," Namit says. "Suresh ji had done a lot - he was the one who revolutionised Twitter for the railways. You could tweet a complaint on a train and cops would arrive at the next station. It was a merging of tech with government services." When Suresh Prabhu moved to the Ministry of Commerce, he took Namit with him, to bring foreign direct investments within the healthcare sector.

 Once Upon a Time in Beijing  

The same year he headed off to Tsinghua University in Beijing's Forbidden City as a Schwarzman Scholar. Fascinated by China, he went there with an aim - to learn how to develop cutting edge technology to bridge access to modern healthcare. “Apps like Pharmeasy are doing this already,” he states.

"In the US, healthcare is super expensive. China has a replicable model for India because although their economy is larger, the per capita healthcare expenditure is about on par with India, especially with schemes like Ayushmaan Bharat coming in now," Namit explains who began working with Northern Venture Capital, first as a summer associate and then full-time. Unfortunately, geopolitical tensions and hostile takeovers on the Indo-China border put paid to his plans when the Indian government put strict controls on Chinese investment.

"I'm grateful to Harvard and to Schwarzman," Namit remarks. "How often does one get the chance to meet Madeline Albright, or have a meal with John Kerry, or have dinner with Mukesh Ambani?"

The pandemic 

When Covid-19 hit and pandemonium reigned across the globe, healthcare professionals were faced with an unprecedented challenge. All forms of treatment were experimental. That's when the Indian Council of Medical Research undertook what would be one of Asia's largest clinical drug trials, examining the effectiveness of plasma in the treatment of Covid-19. Namit, who was part of the ICMR's research, had asked himself, "If I can't be a doctor now, then when? And we were all fighting in the dark because the protocol was changing every day."

Namit found himself in contact with Dr Harsh Vardhan and Dr Soumya Swaminathan, the Chief Scientist at WHO, who he calls a close mentor. “I would reach out to her and request her opinion on a new drug, for instance and she would say, there's no harm in trying it. At that point, we were mixing and matching to see what worked. My biggest regret is our failure during the second wave. I have seen people gasping for breath without oxygen. I realised there was no way we could have prepared for something like this, when our healthcare expenditure is 1.95 percent of the GDP."

Perfect Day: ‘We’re making milk without cows’  

Namit currently works at Perfect Day, a US-based startup that manufactures milk and dairy products through precision fermentation. "We're making milk without cows, basically," he explains. This is done by borrowing the genetic sequence from a cow and encoding it into small fungi where it is allowed to produce milk protein. "We have reduced greenhouse gas emission by 97 percent in the process," says Namit, who is the head of Growth & Strategy (India & APAC).

Over 100 scientists work out of Bengaluru for Perfect Day which is also branching out into animal-free gelatin and artificial sweeteners. "We're bullish on the idea of India," says Namit.

The Journey back home  

 "The goal is to come back home and run for office," Namit says, without pause. He doesn't just mean the sometimes morally-questionable machinations of politics, though. "There's a difference between public policy and politics and the goal should always be the former," Namit remarks. "Right now, we have policy makers who know a lot about policy and politics but not healthcare. We have doctors who know medicine but not policy." This is the gap he hopes to bridge, by "being in the highest levels of government. I want the ability to fight for the greater good."

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About Global Indian

Global Indian – a Hero’s Journey is an online publication which showcases the journeys of Indians who went abroad and have had an impact on India. 

These journeys are meant to inspire and motivate the youth to aspire to go beyond where they were born in a spirit of adventure and discovery and return home with news ideas, capital or network that has an impact in some way for India.

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